SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY, 1870.

[Furnished by the university.]

Genesee College was founded at Lima, N. Y., in 1851, and for twenty years its work was carried on at that place. In 1871, in response to a demand for a more central location, its grounds and buildings were abandoned to the Genesee Wesleyan Seminary. The college was transferred to Syracuse and reopened under the name of the College of Liberal Arts of Syracuse University. In 1872 the Geneva Medical College, chartered in 1834, was also transferred to the same city. One year later a College of Fine Arts was organized, and these three colleges at present constitute the university. The charter, however, provides for departments in theology, law, industrial arts, and letters whenever it shall be deemed expedient.

COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS.

Three courses of study are at present provided in the College of Liberal Arts.

The classical course is substantially the same as is pursued in the best American colleges, including a considerable amount of modern languages.

The Latin scientific course is nearly identical with the classical, except in the substitution of German and other subjects for the Greek.

The scientific course, in the place of Latin and Greek, substitutes German and French and some additional studies in mathematics, natural sciences, literature, history, and philosophy.

In the junior year nearly one-third of the student's time is devoted to elective work. In the senior year the range of election is somewhat larger.

MEDICAL COLLEGE.

The Medical College is one of the few that require a graded course of instruction instead of simple attendance upon lectures with the accompanying examinations.

The course of instruction extends over a period of three years, and consists of lectures, recitations, practical work in the laboratories and dissecting room, together with clinical exercises, etc. The division of the work is as follows:

First year: Anatomy, physiology, chemistry, histology, botany, and applied anatomy.

Second year: Anatomy, physiology, medical chemistry, materia medica, practice, surgery, and clinics.

Third year: Therapeutics, practice, surgery, obstetrics, pediatrics, pathology, gynæcology, forensic and State medicine, ophthalmology, dermatology, and clinics.

First-year students receive practical instruction in chemistry, with a course of laboratory work extending through both terms. Secondyear students take a shorter course in purely medical chemistry.

Laboratories have also been established for practical work in histology and comparative and human anatomy.

COLLEGE OF FINE ARTS

In the college of fine arts three courses of instruction only have been organized. It is intended that the scope of this college shall ultimately include instruction in all the fine arts, that is:

1. The formative arts: Architecture, sculpture, painting, engraving, and the various forms of industrial art; and

2. The phonetic arts: Music, oratory, poetry, and belles-lettres literature.

Candidates for admission to the course in architecture are examined in English grammar, geography, American history, arithmetic, natural philosophy, algebra as far as to the calculus of radicals, plane geometry, and free-hand drawing, sufficient to represent the progress usually made by students in at least one year of thorough and systematic study.

Candidates for admission to the course in painting are examined in English grammar, geography, American history, arithmetic, natural philosophy, and free-hand drawing sufficient to represent the progress usually made in at least two years of thorough and systematic study.

Candidates for admission to the course in music are examined in the same studies as for the course in painting, with the exception that two years of thorough and sytematic study in music replace the two years in drawing.

The courses in architecture and painting include systematic and progressive instruction in the theory, the history, and the practice of architecture and painting, and in those branches of mathematics, natural science, history, language, and philosophy which bear most intimately and directly upon these arts, and without a knowledge of which success in the higher domain of art is impossible.

It is the aim to develop the talents of the students in such a way that each student shall retain his individuality of character and manner, and not to mold after the same arbitrary method.

The course in music includes systematic and progressive instruction in the the theory, history, and practice of music, and is arranged with a view to enable the student to become an accomplished musician.

Other instruments, as the violin, viola, violoncello, cornet, or clarionet, may be substituted for the piano after the freshman year; the organ after the sophomore year.

Vocal instruction may take the place of instrumental after the sophomore year.

The study of vocal music for one year is required of all who propose to graduate in the course of music.

Various accessory branches of study are introduced, which have a more or less intimate connection with the art of music, and which

also have a relation to general liberal culture. These are hygiene, physics, elocution, rhetoric, English literature; the French, German, and Italian languages; ancient, mediæval, and modern history, and the history of civilization; the science of esthetics, and the general history of the fine arts.

Opportunity is given to advanced students, who are fully qualified to do so, to assist in instructing the preliminary classes in music, for the purpose of giving pedagogic experience under the supervision of the faculty.

Persons completing the course in architecture receive the degree of bachelor of architecture; the course in painting, the degree of bachelor of painting; the course in music, that of bachelor of music; special students may receive certificates of progress and proficiency.

THE HIGHER DEGREES.

It has been the policy of the university, in order to promote systematic and thorough culture, to confer the master's degree and the degree of doctor of philosophy upon any bachelor of arts, of science, or of philosophy who shall comply with the following conditions: Courses of study have been outlined in English literature, mathematics, Greek, Latin, modern languages, philosophy, evidences of Christianity, chemistry, physical science, esthetics and history of the fine arts, history, botany, zoology, and geology. Any three of the groups or units designated by the Roman numerals, I, II, III, etc., provided they are selected from the same department, is regarded as one year's study. On passing a satisfactory examination therein, the candidate is entitled to the second degree; i. e., a bachelor of science, of philosophy, or of arts is entitled to the corresponding master's degree. After satisfactory examination on another year's course of study, selected as before explained, the degree of Ph. D. is conferred. These degrees are offered to none but regular graduates of colleges, and the master's degree conferred in cursu or causa honoris is accepted as a substitute for the first year's post-graduate study. In this university a study of Latin equivalent to four books of Cæsar is requisite for the degree of B. S., and the higher degrees are not conferred upon any who are not thus qualified.

The candidate appears at the university for examination, and presents and defends a thesis of not less than 4,000 words on some subject connected with the course of study pursued. Examinations upon the work of the two years may be taken at one time, or in two sections-each covering the work of one year-as may be desired; but examinations are not given upon smaller fractions of the course.

The degree of doctor of philosophy is not conferred except upon these conditions, and the master's degree is no longer given causa honoris.

GOVERNMENT.

The university is governed by a board of trustees consisting of not less than 20 nor more than 45 members. All matters of administration in which more than one college is interested are in charge of a senate, consisting of two trustees, the chancellor, the deans of the several colleges, two members of the faculty of liberal arts and one from each of the other faculties. The decisions of this senate are binding in the absence of any instructions from the trustees. Each faculty is supreme in its own department, not having power, however, to alter the courses of study without the approval of the senate, but, with its dean, having complete control of all matters of administration and discipline. The chancellor is a member of the board of trustees and of each of the faculties, and any professor of any college having students from another college has a voice in its faculty on all matters pertaining to his work.

BUILDING.

The campus of 50 acres is beautifully situated in the southeast part of the city, and commands a view of the city and lake and the surrounding country for many miles. The corner stone of the first building was laid August 31, 1871. It is a handsome cut limestone structure 180 by 96 feet, four stories in height. It contains the recitation rooms, museums, laboratories, and chapel of the liberal art college. In 1887 Mr. E. F. Holden, a member of the board of trustees, built and presented to the university an astronomical observatory. It is built of rock-faced gray limestone, and equipped with an 8-inch Alvin Clark telescope, a 3-inch reversible transit, by Troughton & Sims, chronograph clock, chronometer, micrometer, etc. It is also provided with meteorological instruments. The library building, a fireproof structure three stories high, 80 by 90 feet, built of Trenton pressed brick, was completed in June, 1889. It is provided with abundant rooms and all needed appliances, and has a capacity for 135,000 volumes. The John Crouse Memorial College edifice, built and furnished by the late Mr. John Crouse and his son, Mr. D. Edgar Crouse, is of Long Meadow red sandstone, with granite foundation. It is four stories high, 162 by 190 feet in extreme dimensions, and is one of the most imposing of college structures. The college of fine arts is in this building.

The buildings of the medical department are eligibly located on Orange street, nearly in the center of the city, but a short distance from the hospitals and dispensary. They consist of a large brick edifice, in which are the various lecture rooms, histological and pathological laboratories, museum, etc. The amphitheater is spacious, capable of seating one hundred or more students, well lighted and heated, and furnished with all the necessary appliances for properly presenting the various subjects demonstrated or lectured upon. The

amphitheater, as well as the other lecture and recitation rooms in the main building, have additional rooms or cabinets connecting with them in which special dissections are made, and where the various preparations in use are arranged for presentation to the classes. These rooms are provided with running water and such other conveniences as may be needed. In the rear of the main building is the chemical laboratory and dissecting room.

LIBRARIES AND SCIENTIFIC COLLECTIONS.

The general college library contains about 35,000 volumes, and is open to students daily. It is in charge of a competent librarian. Several large funds at present charged with life annuities will be at the disposal of the university for increasing its library facilities at the death of the donors.

In April, 1887, the great historical library of Leopold Von Ranke was purchased by Mrs. Dr. John M. Reid and presented to Syracuse University. This is almost invaluable to the student of modern history. The library of the Geneva College of Medicine, with the additions which have since been made to it, is at the service of students in medicine. So soon as necessary room is provided the college will come into possession of the extensive and valuable medical library collected by N. C. Husted, M. D., LL. D., of Tarrytown, N. Y.

As a nucleus to a library of the fine arts, valuable books and periodicals have already been gathered, to which additions will be made from time to time, as circumstances shall permit. Several of the most important art journals are provided in the reading room. The college of liberal arts possesses for illustrating natural science the following collections:

1. The Ward series of casts of fossil remains.

2. An extensive lithologic collection representing all the leading types of rocks.

3. A collection of fossils illustrating especially the palæontology of New York State.

4. The "Cooper collection" of quartz and its varieties.

In zoology are:

1. The "Banks collection" of North American birds.

2. A considerable collection of alcoholic specimens, mostly of invertebrates.

3. A collection of shells with abundant representation of nearly all molluscan families.

4. A collection of insects.

In botany, a well-ordered herbarium of about 8,000 specimens is accessible to students.

The laboratories are also kept supplied with an abundance of material for class use.

The college of medicine has an excellent museum, extensive in the