4. This course of study shall consume at least two years, and the students shall be classed by years, as in the classical departments of the college.

5. Students pursuing this course shall be subject to the same number of public examinations in every year as are the classical students, and shall equally conform to all the by-laws of the college.

6. Upon the expiration of the prescribed term of study such students in this minor course as shall appear, upon public examination, to merit it, shall receive from the president on commencement day, if the president be so authorized by the honorable the regents of the university, an English diploma.

This paper, which is probably the work of Dr. McDonald, is remarkable for two things: First, for its real breadth of view in perceiving that technical training need not be illiberal, and secondly, for its misconception of the resources needed in the successful institution of what would have been practically a school of technology.

Technical education costs more for apparatus and teachers than any other kind of instruction, and the original purposes of the English course could not have been reached without a great deal of money. As the money was not obtained, the English course included from the first hardly anything more than what was left of the classical course after omitting the Greek and Latin. In the beginning it required three years for completion, and added a little work in French. From 1854 to 1875 it was offered as a two years' course, but demanded so much more than formerly for admission that it was practically unchanged in character. Since 1875 the course has taken three years. Up to 1886 it was known sometimes as the English course, more often as the scientific course, not a misleading name so long as the subsidiary portions of the classical course were in the main scientific, however elementary. As the character of the classical course has been changed, the character and the name of the English course have been correspondingly modified. At present the course is called the literary course, and the diploma carries the degree of bachelor of letters. The requirements for entrance include an elementary knowledge of French and German.

STATISTICS OF ALUMNI.

In 1889 there had been 624 persons graduated from the college. They may be classified by professions as follows:

Nearly all of the graduates have attained positions of respectability, and not a few have become eminent in their different callings.

Six of the clerical graduates have been consecrated as bishops in

the Protestant Episcopal Church. They are the Rt. Rev. Henry Adams Neely, D. D., bishop of Maine (class of 1849); Rt. Rev. William Paret, D. D., LL. D., bishop of Maryland (1849); Rt. Rev. Edward Randolph Welles, D. D., of Wisconsin (1850); Rt. Rev. George Worthington, S. T. D., LL. D., of Nebraska (1860); Rt. Rev. Leigh Richmond Brewer, S. T. D., of Montana (1863), and the Rt. Rev. Anson Rogers Graves, bishop of the Missionary District of the Platte (1866). The Rt. Rev. Mahlon N. Gilbert, D. D., assistant bishop of Minnesota, though not a graduate, was for some years a student at Hobart College.

The Rt. Rev. Charles Edward Cheney, bishop in the Reformed Episcopal Church, was graduated in 1857.

Among the lawyers graduated at the college, the first place may rightly be given to Charles James Folger, of the class of 1836. He studied law in Canandaigua, N. Y., was admitted to the bar in 1839, and soon acquired a good practice in Geneva. He was made chief judge of the court of appeals by appointment and afterwards by election, 1880-1881; then Secretary of the Treasury of the United States from October 27, 1881, to September 4, 1884, the day of his death. In 1882 he was nominated by the New York State Republican convention for governor, but was defeated by Grover Cleveland by a majority of nearly 200,000. The stir of politics, the control of great interests, the exhilaration of opposition made public life interesting to Secretary Folger. To all the positions he filled, whether administrative or judicial, he brought a conservative judgment, a widely informed mind, and a devotion to duty which amounted to enthusiasm. No stain ever rested upon his honor and no meanness was ever laid to his charge, and when he died men of all stations and every occupation came to do honor to the memory of one who was the friend of all. Gen. Albert James Myer, of the class of 1847, became well known as the Chief Signal Officer of the United States Army. While on duty in Texas, in the United States Army, he devised a system of signaling, with flags and torches, by which messages could be sent as accurately and fully, though not so rapidly, as by the electric telegraph. In 1860 he was commissioned major and made Chief Signal Officer of the Army. His appointment as Chief Signal Officer was revoked July 21, 1864, but he was brevetted brigadier-general March 13, 1865. He was reappointed colonel and Chief Signal Officer in 1866. By an act of Congress approved February 9, 1870, provision was made for taking meteorological observations at certain military stations, and for giving notice on the Northern Lakes and seaboard of the approach and force of storms. To the superintendence of this work General Myer was appointed, and at 7.35 a. m. November 1, 1870, "the first systematized simultaneous meterological observations taken in the United States were read from the instrument at twenty-four stations

and placed on the telegraphic wires for transmission." The development of the Weather Bureau under General Myer is too well known to need recounting. He was commissioned brigadier-general in June, 1880, and died on the 24th of August in the same year.

Other distinguished graduates are: William Watts Folwell, LL. D., of the class of 1857, afterwards president of the University of Minnesota; the Rev. George Williamson Smith, D. D., LL. D., also class of 1857, president of Trinity College, Hartford; Henry Hobart Bates, examiner in chief of the board of appeals in the Patent Office, and Clarence Armstrong Seward, class of 1848, for more than twenty-five years a member of one of the largest and most prominent law firms of New York City.

The best general account of the history of the college down to 1876 is contained in the history of Ontario County, N. Y., published by Everts, Ensign & Everts, Philadelphia. A memoir of President Hale, by the Rev. Malcolm Douglass, was published in Claremont, N. H., by the Claremont Manufacturing Company. The numbers of the Hobart Herald (the local college paper) for October 26, November 18, and December 19, 1885, for October, 1886, and for November, 1887, contain details of interest and importance.

All these books and pamphlets are in the college library. A complete set of the prospectuses published by the college and of the catalogues (the first catalogue was published in 1837) is also in the library.

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF HOBART COLLEGE.

[Prepared in 1891 by Philip N. Nicholas, Secretary of Board of Trustees.]

I.

Conditional charter granted by regents of the University of the State of New York April 10, 1822. Charter granted by regents of the University of the State of New York February 8, 1825. Recorded in Book of Deeds No. 41, page 357, etc., April 14, 1825.

Charter amended April 10, 1855.

Charter amended February 5, 1863.

Charter amended June 13, 1890.

Name changed by regents to Hobart College March 27, 1860.

STATUTES RELATING TO HOBART COLLEGE.

Chapter 309, Laws 1831, authorizes college to employ part of its funds in purchase of lot and buildings. Chapter 237, Laws 1838. relating to United States deposit fund. Chapter 211, Laws 1852, name changed to Hobart Free College. Chapter 247, Laws 1855, relating to quorum of board. Chapter 542, Laws 1857, relating to appropriation ($3,000). Chapter 52, Laws 1861, change of name by regents ratified and acts of regents confirmed. Chapter 21, Laws 1874, relating to constitution and election of the board of trustees.

II.

The regents' reports contain the annual statements made by the college.

III.

1. History of Hobart College to 1876, prepared by the Right Rev. W. S. Perry, D. D., etc., bishop of Iowa, the president of the college, for the History of Ontario County, New York, published by Everts, Ensign & Everts, of Philadelphia, Pa.

An elaborate sketch, and in the main satisfactory. It is especially valuable for its citations of original documents in the possession of the college in manuscript.

2. Brigham's Geneva, Seneca Falls, and Waterloo Directory for 1862. Contains a short history of the college, prepared by the Rev. Abner Jackson, D. D., etc., then president of the college. It is part of Mrs. S. H. Bradford's History of Geneva.

3. A brief history of the college, sent to the Johns Hopkins University during the academic year 1889-90.

This sketch is not as full as the Perry history (No. 1), but emphasizes certain points which that history passed over lightly. It was prepared under the direction of the faculty.

4. The general statement which introduces the annual catalogue of the college for 1890-91 is a very satisfactory sketch, presenting clearly and briefly the leading facts in the history of the college.

5. Sundry pamphlets. One of the most valuable is entitled College Memoranda, 1868, and was prepared by the late Thomas D. Burrall, of Geneva.

IV.

1. A memoir of President Hale, prepared by the Rev. Malcolm Douglass, published in Claremont, N. H., covers particularly 1836 to 1858.

2. An interesting and valuable memoir of the Rev. Daniel McDonald, D. D., first acting president of the college, will be found in Sprague's Annals of the American Pulpit, Vol. V.

3. A very brief sketch of President Hale is contained in Appleton's Encyclopedia of Biography.

4. The Rev. Abner Jackson, D. D., etc., once president. A memorial address by the Rev. William Payne, D. D., Hartford, 1874.

5. David Bates Douglass, LL. D., professor of mathematics, Geneva College. A memorial address by the Rev. Benjamin Hale, D. D., Geneva, 1850.

6. The Rev. Kendrick Metcalf, D. D., late professor and librarian in Hobart College. A memorial sermon by the Rev. James A. Bolles, D. D., Geneva, 1873.

7. A memorial of Louis Sanford Schuyler, priest. 12. New York, 1879.

8. The Hon. Charles James Folger, LL. D. A memorial address by the Hon. Charles Andrews. Geneva, 1885.

9. The Hon. Horatio Seymour, LL. D. A memorial address by the Hon. Delans C. Calvin, LL. D. Geneva, 1886.

Of the above memorials Nos. 1, 2, and 3 are specially valuable.

V.

1. The annual catalogues published by the college (date of first, 1837) contain much historical matter.

The one for 1890-91 is particularly valuable.

2. The Hobart Herald, college monthly, has details of more or less interest in all its numbers; volumes VII and VIII in particular, under the caption "College Memoranda," contain matter of interest and importance.

3. The Sentinel, 1872–73, the college monthly which preceded the Hobart Herald, contains some historical material.

4. The Echo of the Seneca, college annual, which began in 1857, is devoted specially to student life, organizations, classes, societies, etc.

All works named above are in the Hobart College library.