p. The Assistant Secretary of Defense (Public Affairs) directs DoD public and internal information and audiovisual activities, community relations, and programs in compliance with the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552). He assists the information media and national and civic organizations in understanding the activities of the Department of Defense.

q. The Defense Advisor, U.S. Mission to NATO is responsible for advising and assisting the U.S. Ambassador to NATO in the formulation, coordination, and presentation of DoD policies pertaining to NATO. He is the senior DoD civilian official serving on the staff of the U.S. Ambassador to NATO.

r. The Director of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization (SADBU), under the direction of the Deputy Secretary of Defense, administers Departmental responsibilities under the Small Business Act (92 Stat. 1760; 15 U.S.C. 631), as amended. The Director, SADBU, assures that a fair share of the Department's procurements are placed with small businesses, small disadvantaged businesses, and women-owned small businesses.

s. The Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering (USDR&E) is the principal advisor and assistant to the Secretary of Defense for DoD scientific and technical matters; basic and applied research; environmental services; and the development of weapons systems. This functional area has responsibility for research, development, and testing of all DoD weapons systems.

t. The Assistant Secretary of Defense (Research and Technology) is the Principal Staff Assistant and advisor to the Secretary of Defense and the USDR&E for DoD oversight of the maintenance of a superior U.S. technology base and for the improvement of the DoD approach to selecting the best technology programs to achieve and maintain a qualitative lead in deployed systems. The Assistant Secretary (Research and Technology) also serves as the Director of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and as the principal technical advisor to the USDR&E on space-related matters.

u. The Assistant to the Secretary (Atomic Energy) serves as the principal staff assistant for DoD atomic energy matters. Included in the responsibilities of this position is promoting coordination, cooperation, and mutual understanding on atomic energy policies, plans, and programs within DoD and between DoD and other Federal agencies.

2. Defense Agencies

There are 15 Defense Agencies that report to OSD. This includes 13 organizations most frequently identified as Defense Agencies as well as the Office of the Defense Inspector General and the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. As Chart 3-2 shows, five of the agencies (National Security Agency, Defense Intelligence Agency, Office of the Defense Inspector General, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, and Strategic Defense Initiative Organization) report directly to the Secretary of Defense while the remainder report to principal staff assistants of

the Secretary. The responsibilities of these agencies are briefly described below.

a. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) manages high-risk basic research and applied technology programs. Its objective is to select and pursue revolutionary technology developments that minimize the possibility of technological surprise by adversaries and offer potential for major increases in U.S. defense capability. In the performance of its work, DARPA uses the services of the Military Departments, other government agencies, private industry, educational and research institutions, and individuals.

b. The Defense Audiovisual Agency (DAVA) provides audiovisual production, acquisition, distribution, and depository services and certain other audiovisual services which can be performed more efficiently on a centralized basis.

c. The Defense Communications Agency (DCA) is responsible for engineering and management of the Defense Communications System and system architect functions for current and future Military Satellite Communications Systems. DCA provides engineering and technical support to the Worldwide Military Command and Control System, the National Military Command System, and the Minimum Essential Communications Network. DCA also procures leased communications circuits, services, facilities, and equipment for DoD and other government agencies.

d. The Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA) assists Department of Defense procurement authorities worldwide in achieving sound contract pricing by evaluating proposals submitted by contractors, verifying the propriety and acceptability of costs charged to flexibly priced government contracts, and deterring contractors' inefficient practices. The agency also provides contract audit services to about 30 other Federal agencies at contractor locations where DoD has a continuing audit interest, or where it is considered efficient from a governmentwide point of view.

e. The Office of Defense Inspector General (DIG) was established by law in fiscal year 1983. The resources of the Defense Audit Service, the Defense Criminal Investigative Service, the Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Review and Oversight, the Defense Logistics Agency's Inspector General, and certain elements of the Director of Audit Policy, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Comptroller), were all transferred to the new agency. The Defense Inspector General serves as an independent and objective official in DoD who is responsible for conducting, supervising, monitoring, and initiating audits and investigations of DoD programs and operations.

f. The Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) produces finished, all-source foreign general, military, scientific,and technical intelligence. DIA provides DoD intelligence estimates and DoD contributions to National Estimates. DIA determines information gaps and validates intelligence collection requirements; provides plans, programs, policies, and procedures for DoD intelligence collection activities; and manages and operates the

Defense Attache Service. DIA manages the production of general military intelligence by the military services, unified and specified commands, and produces or manages the production of all DoD scientific and technical intelligence. DIA serves as the J-2 of the Joint Staff and manages and coordinates all DoD intelligence information systems programs and the interface of such systems with the intelligence community and DoD systems.

g. The Defense Investigative Service (DIS) conducts personnel security investigations, law enforcement investigations for DoD components, and other investigations directed by the Secretary of Defense. It also administers defense industrial security programs on behalf of DoD and other Federal departments and agencies.

h. The Defense Legal Services Agency (DLSA) consolidates the functions of the OSD legal staff with the legal staffs of the Defense Agencies. The legal staffs of the Defense Agencies and DoD Field Activities remain with their current organizations while operating under the supervision of the DoD General Counsel who also serves as the Director, DLSA.

i. The Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) provides common supplies and a broad range of logistic services to the Military Departments, other DoD components, Federal agencies, and authorized foreign governments. Supply management responsibilities include clothing, subsistence, and medical goods, industrial and construction material, general supplies, and petroleum products. Logistic services rendered by DLA include contract administration, surplus personal property disposal, documentation services to the research and development community, and operation of the Federal Cataloging System. DLA is the largest of the Defense Agencies, accomplishing its varied missions both in the United States and overseas through 25 major field activities.

j. The Defense Mapping Agency (DMA) provides Mapping, Charting, and Geodetic (MC&G) support to the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Military Departments, and other DoD components through the production and worldwide distribution of maps, charts, precise positioning data, and digital data for strategic and tactical military operations and weapons systems. It serves as program manager and coordinator of all DoD MC&G resources and activities and carries out statutory responsibilities for providing nautical charts and marine navigation data.

k. The Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) is the consolidated manager of the DoD nuclear weapons stockpile. It also manages DoD nuclear weapons testing and nuclear weapons effects research programs.

1. The Defense Security Assistance Agency (DSAA) is responsible for the management of the DoD Military Assistance Program (MAP) and Foreign Military Sales (FMS) Program.

m. The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS) provides education in health sciences to individuals who demonstrate dedication to a career in the health profes

sions of the uniformed services. The University is authorized to grant appropriate advanced academic degrees.

n. The National Security Agency (NSA), under the direction, authority, and control of the Secretary of Defense, is responsible for centralized coordination, direction, and performance of highly specialized intelligence functions in support of U.S.government activities. NSA carries out the responsibilities of the Secretary of Defense to serve as Executive Agent for U.S. government signals intelligence and communications security activities.

o. The Strategic Defense Initiative Organization was established in FY 1984 to manage the research and technology programs of the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) Program. This comprehensive program will develop key technologies associated with the concepts of defense against ballistic missiles.

3. DoD Field Activities

Between 1974 and 1985, eight DoD Field Activities were established. These six organizations perform selected support and service functions of a more limited scope than Defense Agencies. As Chart 3-3 shows, none of these activities report directly to the Secretary or Deputy Secretary of Defense, but instead to one of the principal staff assistants to the Secretary. The responsibilities of these activities are briefly described below.