52. Entrance to Cellar.-In every tenement house hereafter erected there shall be an entrance to the cellar or other lowest story from the outside of said building.

53. Increase of Height-Decrease of Lot.-No tenement house shall be increased in height, its lot decreased so that its yard shall be diminished to less than is required by this act, or so that a greater percentage of the lot shall be occupied by buildings or structures than provided for in this act. For the purpose of this section, the measurements for computing the percentage of lot to be occupied may be taken at the level of the second tier of beams (the second floor level), except in tenement houses where rooms on the ground floor are to be occupied as sleeping apartments; provided, that the space occupied by open iron fire escapes and by chimneys or flues located in yards and attached to the house, which do not exceed five square feet in area and do not obstruct the light or ventilation, shall not be deemed part of the lot occupied.

No tenement house shall be increased in height so that said building shall exceed in height by more than one half the width of the widest street on which it stands.

54. Courts for Ventilation and Light.-Any shaft or court used or intended to be used to light or ventilate rooms intended to be used for living purposes, and which may hereafter be placed in tenement houses erected prior to the passage of this act, shall not be less in area than twenty-five square feet, or less than four feet in width in any part, and such shaft shall under no circumstances be roofed or covered over at the top with a roof or skylight; every such shaft shall be provided at the bottom with a horizontal intake or duct of a size not less than four feet square and communicating directly with. the street or yard, and such duct shall be so arranged as to be readily cleaned out. Such vent shaft shall be constructed of fireproof materials or shall be covered with metal on the outside and with metal lath and plaster on the inside, and

such duct shall be constructed of fireproof materials, or shall be lined on the inside with metal.

Any additional room or hall that is hereafter constructed or created in a tenement house shall comply in all respects with the provisions of this act applicable to tenement houses to be erected hereafter, except that such rooms may be the same height as the other rooms of the same story of the house.

55. Alteration Diminishing Light.-No tenement house shall be so altered that any room or public hall or stairs shall have its light or ventilation diminished in any way not approved by the health department or other department designated by municipal ordinance for that purpose.

56. Subdividing Rooms by Curtains.-No part of any room in any tenement house shall hereafter be enclosed or subdivided wholly or in part, by a curtain, portiere, fixed or movable partition, or other contrivance or device, unless such part of the room so enclosed or subdivided, shall contain a window as required by this act, and have a floor area of not less than ninety square feet; provided, however, that closets or alcoves of not more than twenty-five square feet in area do not come within the provisions of this section.

57. New Water-closets.-Every new water-closet hereafter placed in a tenement house, except one provided to replace a defective or antiquated fixture in the same location, shall comply with the provisions of this act relative to waterclosets in tenement houses hereafter erected.

58. Increasing Size and Height of Wooden Tenements. -No existing wooden tenement house shall hereafter be increased in size so as to contain more than one hundred and fifty rooms exclusive of bath rooms.

No wooden tenement house shall be increased in height so as to exceed three stories, exclusive of the cellar. However, the building may step up to follow the grade, provided no part of said building is over three stories in height.

59. Altering Non-fireproof Tenements to Four Stories -A non-fireproof tenement house may hereafter be altered to be four stories in height, provided the exterior walls are all of brick or stone or concrete and all other municipal requirements for this class of building are complied with. If in addition to the above requirements all joists, girders, studding, furring and the soffits of stairs be lathed with metal lath and plastered, such tenement houses may be built not to exceed six stories, provided the height limits imposed by municipal ordinances for all buildings of this particular class be not exceeded. A cellar is not a story within the meaning of this section, provided that no part of such cellar is occupied or arranged to be occupied for living purposes. However, the building may step up to follow the grade, provided no part of the said building exceeds the number of stories provided for in this section.

60. Altering Tenements to Six Stories.-No tenement house shall hereafter be altered to exceed six stories or parts of stories in height unless it is a fireproof tenement house. A cellar is not a story within the meaning of this section, provided no part of such cellar is occupied or arranged to be occupied for living purposes.

61. Stairs to Roof Not to Be Removed.-No stairs leading to the roof in any tenement house shall be removed or replaced with a ladder, unless a new stairway is built in conformity with requirements of this act.

62. Public Hall Not to Be Reduced.-No public hall or stairs in a tenement house shall be reduced in width so as to be less than the minimum width prescribed in this act.

63. Health Department May Require Lights in Hall. -In every tenement house containing fifteen rooms or more, where the public halls and stairs are not in the opinion of the health department, or other department designated by municipal ordinance for that purpose, sufficiently lighted, the owner of such house shall keep a proper light burning

in the hallway near the stairs upon each floor from sunrise

to sunset.

64. Lights to Be Kept Burning by Owner.-In every tenement house containing fifteen rooms or more, a proper light shall be kept burning by the owner in the public hallways, near the stairs, upon the entrance floor, and upon the second floor above the entrance floor of said house, every night from sunset to sunrise throughout the year, and upon all other floors of the said house from sunset until ten o'clock in the evening.

65. No Water-closets in Cellars.—No water-closets shall be maintained in the cellar of any tenement house without a special permit in writing from the health department, or other department designated by municipal ordinance for that purpose, which shall have power to make rules and regulations governing the maintenance of such closets.

66. Water-closets in Existing Tenements. In every tenement house existing prior to the passage of this act, at least one water-closet shall be provided for every two families. Provided, however, that the health department or other department designated by municipal ordinance for that purpose may exempt any tenement house existing prior to the passage of this act from the provision in this section above contained, whenever, in the judgment of said department, it would not be detrimental to the health of the occupants of said tenement house, and the written permit be signed by an officer of said department authorized to do so and filed in said department as a part of its records; provided, further, that the above exemption shall not apply to extensions of or additions to tenement houses existing prior to the passage of this act.

67. Basement Rooms for Living Purposes. In no now existing tenement house shall any room in the cellar be constructed, altered, converted or occupied for living purposes; and no room in the basement of a tenement house shall be constructed, altered, or converted to be occupied for

living purposes, unless all of the following conditions of this act be complied with, and at least one-third of the basement shall be above grade for building; provided, in each case it shall be at least four feet six inches above the street grade and actual ground level. Such rooms shall be at least eight feet six inches high in all now existing tenement houses in every part, from the floor to the ceiling.

There shall be appurtenant to such room or apartment a water-closet conforming to the regulations and ordinances relating to water-closets, of the incorporated town, incorporated city, or city and county in which the tenement house is or is to be built.

All walls shall be dampproofed, and there shall be an open area way extending to bottom of basement floor and running clear across outside of at least one room in each apartment.

68. Floors and Walls Around Water-closets. In all tenement houses the floor and wall surfaces beneath and around all water-closets and sinks shall be maintained in good order and repair, and if of wood shall be kept well painted with light colored paint.

69. Keeping Tenements in Order. The owner of every tenement house shall see that such house and all parts thereof shall be kept in good order and the roof shall be kept so as not to leak, and all rain water shall be so drained and conveyed therefrom as to prevent its dripping on the ground or causing dampness in the walls, ceilings, yards, or areas.

The owner of every tenement house shall see that such house and every part thereof shall be kept clean and free from any accumulation of dirt, filth or garbage or other matter in or on the same, or in the yards, courts, passages, areas or alleys connected or belonging to the same.

70. Walls of Courts to Be Whitewashed.-The walls of all yard courts, inner courts and shafts, unless built of light colored brick or stone, shall be thoroughly whitewashed