I. ii. p. 41. Breaks the sides of loyalty.-Passes the limits of loyalty.

I. ii. p. 45. Enter Surveyor.-Charles Knyvett, grandson of Humphrey Stafford, first Duke of Buckingham, and cousin to the Duke of the play. Shakspere has closely followed Holinshed in the account of Knyvett's evidence given to the king after his dismissal from Buckingham's service.

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I. ii. p. 46. Nicholas Henton.-Nicholas Hopkins, monk of an house of the Chartreux order beside Bristow [Bristol], called Henton" (Holinshed).

I. ii. p. 49. Made suit to come in's presence.— Holinshed, recording Buckingham's suit for a final interview, says: "Whether it were to sue for pardon, or whether he, being brought to his presence, would have sticked him with a dagger, as men thought he sore desired."

I. iii. p. 53. My barge stays.-This scene and the two preceding take place in the king's palace at Bridewell, whence the Chamberlain is going by water to York Place, then Cardinal Wolsey's residence in Whitehall.

I. iii. p. 54. As, first, good company, &c.-In the first place, apart from the special entertainment to follow when the good company, good wine, and good welcome' have made 'good people' of you. This, the text of Folios 1, 2, and 3, is well supported by Cavendish's account of the banquet in his Life of Wolsey, and is far preferable to Theobald's emendation, "As first-good company," or Halliwell's "As far as good company.' Cavendish says there were to follow "all kind of music and harmony set forth, with excellent fine voices, both of men and children," and speaks further of dancing, and masking diversions, among which latter it was believed the king would take part, arriving ostensibly as an unexpected guest.

I. iv. p. 57. Chambers discharged.-It was this discharge of chambers' (cannon) that caused the fire by which the first Globe Theatre was destroyed in 1613.

II. i. p. 63. Was either pitied in him or forgotten. -Aroused either mere ineffectual pity, or was unheedingly forgotten as soon as uttered.

II. i. p. 63. Kildare's attainder.— Fitzgerald, Earl of Kildare, Deputy of Ireland, had been recalled from that office in 1520.

II. i. p. 63. Earl Surrey lest he should help his father.-Surrey had married Buckingham's daughter, Katharine.

II. i. p. 66. Edward Bohun.-The duke's name was Stafford, but he affected the surname of Bohun because he was Lord High Constable of England by inheritance of tenure from the Bohuns, Earls of Hereford.

II. i. p. 67. I now seal it.-I now set upon my truth the seal of my life-blood.

II. i. p. 70. Suffolk.-Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, one of the most accomplished noblemen of his time. He married Mary, youngest sister of Henry VIII. and widow of Louis XII. of France.

II. ii. p. 72. The French king's sister.-Margaret, Duchess of Alençon. Holinshed gives credence to the tradition that Wolsey plotted to bring about this marriage; but Campeggio's visit, in 1528, occurred about two years after Margaret became queen to Henry of Navarre.

II. ii. p. 77. Kept him a foreign man still.-Employed him continually on foreign embassies. Holinshed records the circumstance:

"Aboute this time the king received into favour Doctor Stephen Gardiner, whose service he used in matters of great secrecie and weight, admitting him in the room of Doctor Pace, the which being continually abrode in ambassades, and the same oftentymes not much necessarie, by the cardinalles appointment, at length he toke such greefe therewith that he fell out of his right wittes."

II. iii. p. 81. Little England.-Pembrokeshire, 'little England beyond Wales,' possibly alluding to the title, Marchioness of Pembroke, about to be conferred upon Anne Bullen.

II. iii. p. 83.

Pat betwixt too early and too

late, &c.-Just in the nick of time for the presentation of my petition.

II. iii. p. 83.

For all the mud in Egypt.-For all the

land fertilised by the overflow of the Nile.

II. iv. p. 84. of a cardinal. II. iv. p. 88. That longer you desire the Court.'That you should desire the Court to delay its proceedings.' II. iv. p. 89. I am not of your wrong.-I am not unaffected by your slander, though innocent of the specific charge.

Two great Silver Pillars.-The insignia [Stage direction.]

II. iv. p. 90. Unthink your speaking.-Relinquish the opinions you have uttered.

II. iv. p. 93. The Bishop of Bayonne.-It should be the Bishop of Tarbes; the error is Holinshed's.

II. iv. p. 93. The Duke of Orleans.-He was the second son of King Francis I. of France.

II. iv. p. 95.

Bearing a state of mighty moment in 't, &c.-Involving such grave, momentous possibilities and dreadful consequences.

II. iv. p. 96. Cranmer, pr'ythee, return.-The king, in his musings, apostrophises Cranmer; the prelate was absent on an embassy. (Cf. III. ii. p. 109.)

III. i. p. 96. The Queen, at work.-Cavendish, who was present at this interview, records that Queen Katharine, on being informed that the Cardinals were come to visit her, rose up having a skein of red silke about her neck, being at work with her maidens."

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III. i. p. 98. That way I am a wife in.-' Concerning my conduct as a wife.'

III. i. p. 98. Tanta est erga, &c.-So great is the integrity of our purpose towards you, serene princess.

III. i. p. 101. Though he be grown so desperate to be honest, and live a subject ?— Though he be grown so regardless of self-interest as to dare to be honest, living under the rule of King Henry.'

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III. i. p. 104. For goodness' sake.-A solemn conjuration in Elizabethan days, equivalent to 'For God's sake.' III. ii. p. 109. He is returned in his opinions.— He has sent in advance the opinions he has elicited.

III. ii. p. 116. That am, have, and will be, &c.— The numerous emendations proposed for this passage, the chief purport of which is to render the speech a consistent sequence of thought, are made without due regard for Wolsey's growing agitation. The speech, with all its broken sentences, is probably correct as it stands, and such alterations necessarily lessen the dramatic effect.

III. ii. p. 117. This paper has undone me. 'Tis the account, &c.-Shakspere here ascribes Wolsey's fall to an inadvertence similar to that through which, according to Holinshed, the Bishop of Durham suffered disgrace in 1523 at the instigation of the Cardinal.

III. ii. p. 118. The Earl of Surrey.-The dramatist apparently confuses the Earl of Surrey, who had married Buckingham's daughter Katharine, and succeeded Kildare as Deputy of Ireland in 1520 (see II., i., p. 63 and Note), with the Earl of Surrey properly belonging to this scene,the son of the third duke. The former Surrey became Duke of Norfolk in 1524 and appears here under his new title.

III. ii. p. 118. Asher House-i.e. Esher House in Surrey, near Hampton Court. The house was the property of the bishopric of Winchester, to which Wolsey had succeeded in 1528.

III. ii. p. 120. Dare us with his cap like larks.— In allusion to the Cardinal's scarlet cap, and to the practice of ' daring' larks by small mirrors on a piece of scarlet cloth, which engaged the attention of the birds while the fowler drew his net over them.

III. ii. p. 122. Ego et Rex meus.-Holinshed, from whom the incident is taken, does not make the real point clear; the offence was rather the claim of equality with the king contained in the words 'I and my king.'

III. ii. p. 122. Cassado.-The name so given by Hall and Holinshed should be Cassalis. Sir Gregory Cassalis was one of the ambassadors at the Court of Rome.

III. ii. p. 123. Chattels.-Theobald's emendation of the Folio Castles'; the word chattels actually occurs in the writ.

III. ii. p. 123. Out of the king's protection.—Outlawry, and the complete confiscation of all property, was the legal penalty set down in the writ of præmunire.

III. ii. p. 126. May have a tomb of orphans' tears wept on 'em.-The Lord Chancellor was officially the general guardian of orphans.

IV. i. p. 132. Garter in his coat of arms.-Garter king-at-arms in his coat of office emblazoned with the royal arms.

IV. i. p. 132. Collars of SS.-Pieces of cloth in the shape of the letter S.

IV. i. p. 132. Four of the Cinque-ports.-Four of the barons of the Cinque-ports. The five ports were Dover, Hastings, Hythe, Romney, and Sandwich.

...

IV. ii. p. 140. Twins of learning .. Ipswich and Oxford.-Wolsey's College at Ipswich, and Christ Church at Oxford. Holinshed notes that Ipswich College was overthrown with his fall." The school was closed, and to-day nothing but a gateway remains.

V. i. p. 149. In the gap and trade of more preferments. In the beaten track along which preferment must necessarily come.

V. i. p. 153. A brother of us.—A member of our Privy Council.

V. iii. p. 160.

Pace in their hands.-Put through their paces by leading with bridle only.

V. iii. p. 161. Upper Germany.-Alluding to the peasant insurrection in Saxony, led by Thomas Münzer, in 1525.