HISTORY

OF THE

COLONIZATION

OF THE

UNITED STATES.

BY GEORGE BANCROFT.

VOL. II.

FIFTH EDITION.

BOSTON:

CHARLES C. LITTLE AND JAMES BROWN.

1839.

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1837,
By GEORGE Bancroft,

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of Massachusetts.

STEREOTYPED AT THE
BOSTON TYPE AND STEREOTYPE FOUNDRY.

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER XI.

THE RESTORATION OF THE STUARTS.

Failure of the Democratic Revolution in England, p. 1-Charles convenes

and dissolves a Parliament, 2-Council at York, 3-Long Parliament, 4—

Death of Strafford-Progress of Reforms, 5-Long Parliament becomes a

Tyranny, 6-The Remonstrance, 7-Civil War-Nature of the Contest, 8-

Division of Parties-Presbyterians and Independents, 9-Cromwell and Vane,

11-Triumph of the Independents, 14-Trial and Execution of Charles I., 15

-The Counter Revolution, 18-Cromwell and the Parliament, 19—His Char-

acter, 20-His Parliaments, 23-His Death-Richard, 27-Character of

Monk, 28-Restoration, 29-Death of Peters, 32--The Regicides, 34-Henry

Vane, 36-Supremacy claimed for Parliament, 41-Navigation Acts, 42—

Character of Charles II., 48-Massachusetts, 50-Connecticut, 51-Character

of the younger Winthrop, 52-His Success, 54-History of Connecticut, 56—

Rhode Island, 61-Charter read and accepted, 63-John Clarke, 64-Perfect

Liberty of Conscience, 65-Maryland, 68-Virginia-Grants of Territory, 69.

CHAPTER XII.

MASSACHUSETTS AND CHARLES II.

Address to the King, 71-John Eliot, 72-Declaration of Rights, 73—Par-

ties in the Colony, 74-Intolerance renewed, 76-Appointment of Royal

Commissioners, 77-Remonstrance, 79-Union of Hartford and New Haven,

83-Commissioners in Plymouth, 34-in. Massachusetts, 85-in New Hamp-

shire and Maine, 86-Debate in the General Court, 87-Conquest of Canada

proposed, 88-Debate in the Privy Council, 89-Prosperity of Massachusetts,

91-Population of New England in 1675, 92—The Praying Indians, 94-Philip

of Pokanoket, 98—Causes of War, 99-King Philip's War, 100-Defeat of the

Pokanokets, 102-Indian Warfare, 103-Ruin of the Narragansetts, 104-Ca-

nonchet, 105-Towns burned-Lancaster-Mary Rowlandson, 106-The Fate

of Philip and his Family, 108-The Result, 109-War in Maine, 110-Ran-

dolph in New England, 111-Purchase of Maine, 113-New Government, 114

-New Hampshire a royal Province, 115-Spirit of the People, 116-Disputes

with Cranfield, 117-Massachusetts and the Acts of Navigation, 120-The

Quo warranto, 124-Debate on the required Surrender, 125-Judgment, 127.

CHAPTER XIII.

SHAFTESBURY AND LOCKE LEGISLATE FOR CAROLINA.

Proprietaries of Carolina, 128-Opposing Claims, 130-New England Men,

131-Parties from Virginia, 133-Drummond, 135-Planters from Barba-

does, 136-Second Charter, 137-Charter extended-Ashley Cooper, 139–

John Locke, 144-Constitutions, 146-Rejected in North Carolina, 151—

George Fox, 154–The Government in North Carolina, 156—Insurrection and

free Government, 159-Seth Sothel, 163-Character of the Settlements in

North Carona, 104-First Emigration to South Carolina, 166-The Govern-

ment, 166Charleston, 169-Emigrants-Africans, 170-Dutch, 171-Vine-

dressers Churchmen-Dissenters, 172–Irish—Scottish Presbyterians, 173—

Huguenots, 174--Their tardy Enfranchisement, 183-Contest between the

People and the Proprietaries, 184-The People prevail, 187.

CHAPTER XIV.

THE COLONIES ON THE CHESAPEAKE BAY.

The People of Virginia, 188-Aristocracy, 190-Servants, 191-Slaves, 193

-Parties in Virginia at the Restoration, 195-The Royalists carry the Elec-

tions, 196-The Navigation Act, 197-Royalist Legislation-A State Reli-

gion, 200—A fixed Revenue to the Crown, 203—An irresponsible Judiciary

-Taxation by County Courts, 204-Law for Biennial Assemblies abrogated,

205-Extravagant Wages of Burgesses, 206—Universal Suffrage abolished,

207-Charles II. gives away Virginia, 209-The Old Dominion in 1674, 211—

Struggle for popular Freedom, 213-Contests with the Indians, 215-Nathan-

iel Bacon, 217-Royalist Assembly dissolved Popular Party elect a Majority

of the new Assembly, 219-Its Acts, 20 The grand Rebellion, 222-Drum-

mond's Proposition, 224—Bacon rises, 226 – Jamestown burned, 227—Death

of Bacon, 228-Robert Beverley-Hansford, 222-Cheesman and Wilford,

230—Drummond, 231–The Result, 233—Maryland, 234—Death of Lord Bal-

timore, 238-"Baconists" in Maryland, 240-Restrictions on Suffrage, 241—

Protestantism, 243-A Tory President, 244-Revolution, 245-Culpepper in

Virginia, 246-Increase of Royal Power, 247-Appeals to the Assembly pro-

hibited, 248-Virginia redeemed-Howard of Effingham, 249—Rebels sent

to Virginia, 250-Kidnapped Men and Boys, 251-Despotism, 252-Resisted,

25 Tendencies to Union, 255.

CHAPTER XV.

NEW NETHERLANDS.

Holland and Union, 256-Revolution in the Netherlands, 257-Holland—

Zealand, 259-Origin of the Dutch West India Company, 260-Henry Hud-

son, 264-Sails up the North River, 266—The uncultivated Wilderness, 267—

Geographical Features, 268-Progress, 269-Hudson's last Voyage, 270—

The Dutch traffic on the North River, 272-Albany, 273-Olden Barneveld

and Grotius oppose Colonization in America, 274-West India Company char-

tered, 275-Colonization, 277-Colonial Diplomacy, 278-Charter of Liberties,

279-Monopoly of Lands, 280-De Vries plants Delaware, 281-Dutch Fort at

Hartford, 283-Gustavus Adolphus and New Sweden, 284-Dutch and Indian

Wars, 288-Roger Williams mediates a Truce, 291-Peace, 292-Stuyve-

sant's Administration, 293-New England, 294-New Albion-New Sweden,

295-Amsterdam purchases Delaware, 298-Emigrants-Jews, 300-Wal-

denses, 301-Huguenots, 302-Africans, 303-Dawn of Democratic Liberty,

304-Effects of the Restoration of Charles II., 308-Conquest of New Neth-

erlands, 312-New Jersey, 315-Delaware, 319-New York, 320-New York

reconquered, 322-Restored-Rights of Neutral Flags, 325.

CHAPTER XVI.

THE PEOPLE CALLED QUAKERS IN THE UNITED STATES.

Unity of the Human Race-Progress of Emancipation, 326-Power of the

People in England, 327-Progress of Intellectual Freedom, 328-Speculative

Truth, 329-Quakers, 330-George Fox, 331-Struggle for Freedom of Mind,

332-Obtains it, 333-Preaches Freedom to the People, 334-His Purpose,

336-The Inner Light-Its Reality, 337-Quaker Method, the Method of Des-

cartes, 338-Asserts Freedom of Conscience, and of Mind, 339-Repels Su-

perstition, 340-Respects universal and necessary Truths, 341-The Bible, 342

-Christianity-Philosophy, 343-Quaker Morality, 344-Vows-Power-

Riches, 345-Education-Capital Punishments-Imprisonment for Debt-War,

346-Common Prayer-The Sacraments-Mourning-Oaths-Sensual Pleas-

ures-Dress, 347-Style-Tracts-Hireling Ministry-Persecution-Resist-

ance, 348—Quaker Method of Revolution, 349-Power of Truth, 350-Faith

in Humanity-Universal Enfranchisement, 351-Priesthood-Woman, 352—

Kings-Nobles-Titles-Hat Worship, 353-Influence of the Age on Fox,

354-Progress of his Opinions, 355-Quakers persecuted, 356-They buy

West New Jersey, 357-The Concessions, 358-The Quaker Constitution,

359-Relations with the Indians, 360—with the Duke of York, 361-Progress

of the Settlement, 362-William Penn, 363-Pennsylvania, 364-Letter to

the People, 365-Monopoly, 367-Government, 368-Free Society-Dela-

ware, 369-Sails for America-Life of Penn, 370-John Locke and Penn, 379