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TABLE 41.-Technical, professional, and special courses of study maintained by universities and colleges for men and for both sexes-Continued.

[NOTE.-X indicates that the courses are offered by the several institutions.]

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TABLE 42.-Technical and special courses of study maintained by schools of technology.

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CHAPTER XXXVII.

AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGES.'

CHANGES IN THE COURSE OR IN THE METHODS OF INSTRUCTION (FROM PRESIDENTS' REPORTS).

Alabama Polytechnic Institute.-In the junior year students are permitted to elect any one of the following degree courses of study: Chemistry and agriculture, mechanical and civil engineering, electrical and mechanical engineering, or general course, including the Latin, French, and German languages, and pharmacy.

Arkansas Industrial University.-Mineralogy has been grouped with geology, and the two made a separate department with a full professor. Civil and electrical engineering have each been made independent departments. The legislature has made appropriations for enlarging the equipment in mechanical, electrical, and civil engineering, and horticulture; also for the equipment and maintenance of a department of art, to be conducted with special reference to instruction in the practical branches of art as applied to the useful industries.

Colorado State Agricultural College.-During the year covered by this report (1896-97) all the regular courses of instruction have been strengthened by the addition of another year's work. The change was found necessary in order the better to prepare students for the technical and scientific courses, for which the college makes provision. The scholastic standing of a graduate of the college at the present time is almost midway between that of a graduate of one of our best high schools and that of a graduate of one of our best universities. It is the purpose of the college management to maintain this standard. Efforts will be put forth to improve our methods of instruction and to make more efficient than ever before the literary, scientific, and technical work already provided for. Of course it must be understood that in fixing the standard of the college its work is widely differentiated from that both of the high school and the university.

Delaware College. The system of departmental libraries referred to in a former report has been maintained and a large well-lighted reading room established. The reading room contains a valuable collection of journals and periodicals and reference books upon the subjects of history, political and economic science, English language and literature, and science proper. These additional facilities, together with the increase in teaching force gained by a redistribution of work, have greatly enlarged our instruction in English and economics. Special attention has been given to the winter course of thirteen weeks in agriculture, with gratifying results. University of Idaho.-A ten weeks' course of instruction in dairying and another of ten weeks in domestic science have been added.

University of Illinois.—A school of law has been established and a school of library economy.

Purdue University.-We have greatly enlarged our courses in railway engineering. The number of students has increased, but it is our settled policy to use our efforts in the line of improving the quality of our work rather than in the line of increasing our attendance. More attention has been and will be paid to post-graduate work. It is worthy of note that we have enrolled 50 post-graduate students during the present year. Beginning with the next school year the degrees of bachelor of civil, of electrical, and of mechanical engineering will be abolished and we shall substitute in their places bachelor of science in civil engineering, etc.

Iowa State College for agriculture and the mechanic arts.—An entire year has been added to the courses of study, excepting those of agriculture and veterinary medicine.

1 Compiled by Mr. Wellford Addis, specialist for obtaining and collating information regarding colleges of agriculture and the mechanic arts.

Kansas State Agricultural College.-On the whole the past year has been the most successful in the history of the college. A new board of regents has undertaken a reorganization of the college along lines yet to be developed, but especially fostering sociological study in the curriculum. The majority of the faculty retire at the close of this college year, Prof. Thomas E. Will being president elect.

Agricultural and Mechanical College of Kentucky.-The most notable growth has been in the course of mechanical engineering. The board of trustees, dissatisfied with the want of progress in civil engineering, have reorganized that course of study. The good results which are expected to follow the change I hope I shall have the pleasure of noting in my next report. The rapid growth of the departments of botany, biology, anatomy, physiology, geology, and physics made additional accommodations necessary for these and their equipment. A new building has been placed under contract for this purpose.

University of Maine.-The most important changes of the year have been the appropriation by the State of $20,000 annually, over a period of ten years, to be used for current expenses, and the change of name from the "Trustees of the State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts" to the "University of Maine."

Maryland Agricultural College.-The departments of farmers' institutes and State entomologist are engaged in the university extension movement, and I am convinced are doing a good work in diffusing agricultural information, especially among the more mature and thinking members of the rural communities.

Massachusetts Agricultural College.-In the regular course descriptive geometry has been dropped and practical work in laboratory physics substituted. In the elective studies courses on geology and modern history are offered. The dairy and short winter courses were opened for the first time this year, 17 persons availing themselves of the advantages thus offered. The 20 acres purchased by the State (see p. 1276 of 1895-96 Report of Bureau of Education) have been broken up and prepared for orchard and nurseries. This year closes the thirtieth of the existence of the college. Excluding those at present pursuing their studies, 1,093 have been admitted. Of these 1,001 are living, and of these there are pursuing the vocations named: Agriculture and the mechanic arts, 503; business and the various professions of life, 498.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology.-[The loss sustained by this great engineering school by the death of its late president, Gen. Francis E. Walker, is more particularly referred to in the first volume of the Commissioner's report, p. 695.]

Michigan State Agricultural College. The past year brought three important changes to the college. During the past forty years of the existence of this institution the long vacation occurred in the winter, from November to March. Last winter the college changed to the plan followed by most other schools, a change that promises to add much to the usefulness of the college. A course of study for women was added to the curriculum, and 45 young women entered upon the work. This course is strongly characterized by the study of English, modern languages, natural science, art, domestic science, and music. Its period is four years, and its degree that of bachelor of science. The college also offered, during the past winter, four courses, each of six weeks, in fruit culture, floriculture, winter-vegetable gardening, home dairying, and live-stock husbandry. These were well patronized and will be continued in the future.

The University of Minnesota.-The legislature having increased the tax for the benefit of the university from 0.15 of a mill to 0.23 of a mill, an increase of $40,000, the college and school of agriculture will be benefited as one of its departments. The legislature also provided for coeducation at the school of agriculture.

Mississippi Agricultural and Mechanical College.-Instruction in electricity has been added to the course.

School of Mines of the University of Missouri.-The year has been divided into three terms, and the courses reorganized so as to produce greater concentration; thus the student, having fewer subjects, has more time to devote to the more important ones. College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts (Montana).-Several important changes have been made in the courses: The elective system has been introduced, thus giving students the privilege of electing a part of their studies during the latter years of the course. Full four-year courses have been arranged in general science, agriculture, domestic science, and art on the elective system, and four-year courses in chemistry, mechanical and electrical engineering without electives.

University of Nebraska.-Our agricultural group of studies has been adopted to prepare for the work of the divisions in the United States Department of Agriculture. New Hampshire College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts.-The only significant change in the course of instruction has been the gradual development of the preparatory department, resulting from the attempt to place the instruction upon a strictly collegiate plan. The possible constituency of the college represents the city high school on the one hand, and the district school of the rural village on the other hand. The grade of the college has been too low for the one and too high for the

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