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thirty-six, among whom were Generals John S. Mason, O. B. Wilcox, H. G. Gibson, A. E. Burnside, John Gibbon, R. B. Ayers, Charles Griffin, Thomas H. Neill, W. W. Barnes, E. L. Viele and L. C. Hunt, of the United States Army, and General Harry Heth, of the Confederate Army. Entering the First Artillery as Brevet Second Lieutenant, Hill became First Lieutenant September 4, 1851. He was engaged during the Mexican war at Huamantla the 9th of October, and at Atlixas the 12th of October, 1847, and in Florida against the Seminole Indians in 1849-50, and from 1852 to 1855. He was an assistant on the coast survey from November, 1855, until March 1, 1861, when he resigned his commission. Upon the breaking out of hostilities between the North and South, he was chosen Colonel of the Thirteenth Virginia Regiment, which, at the first battle of Manassas, with the remainder of the command of General Joseph E. Johnston, arrived on the field just in time to secure and complete the victory of that memorable day. Colonel Hill was promoted February 26, 1862, to the rank of Brigadier-General, and by his signal gallantry at the battle of Williamsburg, in May, drew the eyes of the public upon him. He greatly distinguished himself in the sanguinary seven days battles around Richmond, commencing on the 26th of June, in command of one of the largest divisions of the Army of Richmond, and which was composed of the brigades of Anderson, Branch, Pender, Gregg, Field and Archer. At Meadow Bridge, with only a portion of his com mand, he made the first attack upon McClellan, and in a terrible conflict encouraged his troops by a fearless intrepidity which constantly exposed him to the fiercest fire of the enemy. Successful at this point, General Hill was placed first in the line of advance and bore the brunt of the action at Fraziers Farm, where, with his own division and one brigade of that of Longstreet, he fought and overcame a largdy superior force which broke the spirit of the enemy and achieved final victory.

In this series of battles the division of Hill lost 3870 men killed and wounded. Immediately after this battle General Hill was promoted, July 14, 1862, to the rank of Major-General. In the campaign of Northern Virginia the division of A. P. Hill was sent to reinforce Sonewall Jackson, who had been despatched to check the advance of Pope. At the battle of Cedar Run, Hill gallantly sustained the prestige he had won. He also bore a conspicuous part in subsequent operations, marching with Jackson in his flank movement towards the lappahannock and Manassas. At the second battle of Manassas he repeated a similar exhibition of valor to that of Fraziers Farm, and withdauntless abandon met and repulsed at the point of the bayonet six distinct. and separate assaults of the enemy, a majority of the men a portion of the time being without cartridges. The next day (August 3), 1862), his division was again engaged, and late in the evening drove the en

emy before them, capturing two batteries, many prisoners, and resting at night on Bull Run. At Sharpsburg the accomplishment of A. P. Hill was in brilliancy not surpassed by any other recorded during the war. With three brigades, numbering scarce 2,000 men, he drove back Burnside's Corps, 15,000 strong.

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After the battle of Sharpsburg, when General Lee determined to withdraw from Maryland, Hill was directed with his division to cover the retreat of the army, and in the performance of this duty at Botlers Ford, on the 20th of September, 1862, was enacted one of the most terrible episodes of the war. Lee's army was well across the Potomac when it was found that some brigades of the enemy had ventured to cross during the preceding night and were making preparations to hold their position. General Jackson at once ordered A. P. Hill to drive the enemy back. After some preliminary movements, a simultaneous charge was made by Hill, and the enemy forced in a confused mass into the river. Then," writes General Hill, describing the action with graphic horror," commenced the most terrible slaughter this war has yet witnessed. The broad surface of the Potomac was blue with the floating corpses of our foe. But few escaped to tell the tale. By their own account they lost 3,000 men killed and drowned from one brigade alone." In this battle Hill did not use a piece of artillery; but relying upon the musket and bayonet, he punished the enemy beyond precedent. At the battle of Fredericksburg, Hill's Division formed the right of Jackson's force, at Chancellorsville the center, and participated in the flank movement that crushed Hooker. The death of the illustrious Jackson devolved the command upon Hill, and he was soon after wounded. Upon the reorganization of Lee's army he was made, May 24, 1863, a Lieutenant-General, and placed in command of the third of the three corps into which it was divided. His was the first corps in action at Gettysburg. In Lee's flank movement of the same to get between Meade and Washington City, A. P. Hill sustained the only reverse of his career. Having fallen upon a superior force of the enemy at Bristoe Station, concealed by a railroad embankment, in a vain effort to dislodge it he lost several hundred in killed and wounded, and five pieces of artillery. In the momentous campaign of 1864 General Hill was again conspicuous, his corps, with that of Ewell, opening the action in the WilderA few days thereafter his feeble health so gave way that he was unable to remain on duty, when General Jubal A. Early was assigned to the command of his corps. After the scenes of Spotsylvania Court House, General Hill reported for duty, resumed command of his corps, and bught with it to the last day in front of Petersburg. August 25, 1864, at Reames Station, he attacked the enemy in his intrenchments and carried his entire lines, capturing seven stand of colors, 2,000 prisoners and nine pieces of artillery.

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At the final attack on the Southside Railroad and the defense of Petersburg, he was restlessly active in his exertions to repel the Federal attack. On the morning of April 2, 1865, desiring to obtain a nearer view of a portion of the line of the enemy, he left his staff behind him in a place of safety, rode forward accompanied by a single orderly, and soon came upon a squad of Federals who had advanced along a ravine far beyond their lines. He immediately ordered them to surrender, which they were on the point of doing, under the supposition that a column of troops was just behind him. But soon discovering that he was so slightly attended, they fired upon him, and he fell, pierced through the heart by a rifle ball. The following night his body was hastily buried in the cemetery at Petersburg, but was subsequently reinterred in Hollywood Cemetery, Richmond, where his remains are marked by the words, "Lt.-Gen. A. P. Hill,” cut into the granite curbing in front of the grave. The trust reposed in A. P. Hill by the illustrious chieftains Lee and Jackson found solemnly impressive exemplification in the dying ejaculation of each, which, too, are remarkable for their semblance. "Tell A. P. Hill to prepare for action," were amongst the words of Stonewall Jackson. "Tell Hill he must come up," were the last words of the peerless Lee. What more honorable tribute?

ROBERT EDWARD LEE,

GENERAL-IN-CHIEF OF THE CONFEDERATE STATES ARMY.

“With faith untouched, spotless and clear his fame,
So pure that envy could not wrong the same."

The record of all time with its mighty roll of heroes and patriots presents no more lustrous name than that of the immortal subject of this sketch. His lineage, which has been already traced in this serial, was illustrative of the excellencies which marked his own resplendent career. Robert Edward Lee, the third son of "LightHorse Harry" and Anne Hill (Carter) Lee, was born at “Stratford,” Westmoreland county, Virginia, January 19, 1807. Entering the United States Military Academy July 1, 1825, he was graduated thence second in grade of a class of forty-six, July 1, 1829, and commissioned Brevet Second Lieutenant, Corps of Engineers. Among his classmates were Generals Joseph Eggleston Johnston, Albert G. Blanchard and Theophilus H. Holmes, of the Confederate States Army, and Generals B. W. Brice, T. A. Davies, A. Cady, T. Swords, Seth Eastman, W. Hoffman, Sidney Burbank, O. M. Mitchell, C. P. Buckingham and James Barnes, of the United States Army. Lieutenant Lee served as Assistant Engineer in the construction of Forts Monroe and Calhoun for the defense of Hampton Roals, Virginia, 1829-34; as Assistant to the Chief Engineer at Washington, D. C.,

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1834-37; as Assistant Astronomer for establishing the boundary between the States of Ohio and Michigan, 1835; as Superintending Engineer of the improvement of St. Louis harbor, Missouri, and of the Missouri and Upper Mississippi rivers, 1837-41, having general charge of the improvement of the Lower Mississippi and of the Ohio river below Louisville, Kentucky, 1840-41. He was promoted to First Lieutenant September 21, 1836, and to Captain of the Corps of Engineers July 7, 1838. Had charge of the construction and repairs of the defenses at the Narrows entrance to the New York harbor, 1841-44, 1844-46; was Member of the Board of Visitors to the Military Academy, 1844; Assistant to the Chief Engineer at Washington, D. C., 1844; Member of the Board of Engineers for Atlantic Coast defenses from September 8, 1845, to March 13, 1848; served in the war with Mexico, 1846-48, being engaged on the march as Chief Engineer of the column commanded by Brigadier-General John E. Wool, and earned the brevets of Major, Lieutenant-Colonel and Colonel for gallant and meritorious conduct in the battles of Cerro Gordo, Contreras, and Churubusco, and at Chapultepec, where he was wounded. His services as an engineer at Vera Cruz and the subsequent operations in Mexico were highly eulogized by General Winfield Scott. Colonel Lee was on special duty in the Engineer Bureau at Washington, D. C., in 1848; Superintending Engineer of the construction of Fort Carroll, Patapsco river, Maryland, 1848-52; member of the Board of Engineers for Atlantic Coast defenses from July 21, 1848, to April 11, 1853; Superintendent of the United States Military Academy from September 1, 1852, to March 31, 1855; in command at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri, 1855; appointed Lieutenant-Colonel Second Cavalry March 3, 1855; on frontier duty at Camp Cooper, Texas, 1856; with expedition against the Comanche Indians, 1856; at Camp Cooper, Texas, 1856-'57; at San Antonio, Texas (commanding the Second Regiment), 1857; on leave of absence, 1857-'59; in command of the forces at Harpers Ferry for suppressing the John Brown raid, October 17-25, 1859; in command of the Department of Texas from February 6 to December 12, 1860, and on leave of absence, 1860-61; promoted Colonel of the First Cavalry March 16, 1861. Ordered to Washington from his regiment in Texas, Colonel Lee arrived at the Federal capital April 1, 1861, three days before the inauguration of President Lincoln. The political horizon was even then overcast with the portents of the mighty civil war which was soon to convulse the nation. South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia and Louisiana had already seceded from the Union, and the Provincial Government of the Confederate States had been formed at Montgomery. The Virginia Convention, loth to assent to the dissolution of the Union, was still in solemn deliberation. But all counsels and peaceful overtures failed, and the proclamation of President Lincoln

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