accuracy of expression for one so youthful, and the prognostications which they make with regard to the working of our institutions have been most curiously verified in both our State and National Government. He found time withal to serve his party efficiently as a canvasser in several Presidential campaigns, though he persistently declined all political office. Within a year after coming to the bar he was elected Commonwealth's Attorney for all the courts of the city of Winchester and county of Frederick, and continued to hold this position by successive re-election until the breaking out of our late civil war, when at the first sound of conflict he abandoned all else and went with the first troops to Harpers Ferry, and was appointed aide to General Carson, who was then in command there. Returning to Winchester for a short time to arrange his official business, he was tendered the command of a choice company of infantry, of which organization, or its desire, he had no knowledge until they marched in a body to his door. He promptly accepted the proffered command, and assiduously devoted himself to its thorough discipline and drill. It for a time was employed in detached service, during which period Captain Holliday was offered a position upon the staff of General "Stonewall" Jackson, but declined to surrender his company, which was soon assigned to the 33d Virginia Infantry, Colonel A. C. Cummings, "Stonewall" Brigade, and he by successive promotion attained the command of the regiment. As a field officer, Colonel Holliday exhibited fine military perception and judgment, and was conspicuous for his gallantry, participating in all the encounters in which his command was engaged, including the sanguinary battles of Kernstown, McDowells, Winchester, Port Republic, and those around Richmond, without being absent from duty for a single day until August 9, 1862, when at the battle of Cedar Run, or Slaughters Mountain, he lost his right arm. This injury entailed prolonged suffering and unfitted him for service in the field. He was then elected to the Confederate Congress, of which body he continued a member until the close of the war. Returning to his home, he resumed the practice of his profession, taking position in the front rank of a bar long and justly celebrated for its learning and ability. Upon the death of General Robert E. Lee, Colonel Holliday, at the request of the authorities and citizens of Winchester, delivered an address on his life and character, which was a chaste and eloquent utterance replete with noble conceptions. In 1875, by invitation he delivered an address before the Alumni of the University of Virginia on " Higher Education," which from the bold presentment and searching analysis of the subject, the breadth of its range and the beauty and purity of its diction, enlisted the attention and excited the admiration of his audience, and, in published form, widely of scholars and statesmen.

Colonel Holliday was the Commissioner for Virginia at the United

States Centennial Exposition held in Philadelphia, and was appointed elector at largo for the State in the Presidential canvass of 1876. From the conclusion of the war until then he had taken but little active part in politics, though ever a close and critical observer of the drift of public affairs, and he had been repeatedly urged to enter public life. The judicious and effective manner in which he conducted that canvass directed attention to his varied gifts and abilities as a statesman and speaker. Though, in harmony with his tastes his preference was for privato life, in deference to his duty as a citizen he accepted the nomination for Governor of the State the following year, was elected for the term of four years without opposition, and entered upon the duties of the office January 1, 1878. His public acts during his term were chiefly expressed through his inaugural and annual messages, and vetoes, which, in the discussion of the relations of the State debt, and their cogent arguments for maintenance of the public credit, are regarded as State papers of the highest order. By invitation of the authorities, also during his term of office, he attended the commencements of nearly all the colleges and institutions of learning in the State, and delivered addresses to the students, as he did at different times to conventions of the teachers of the Public Schools, and to National organizations the guests of the city of Richmond or the commonwealth, which were published in the papers of the day. His "Address of Welcome," at Yorktown in 1881, is an able and glowing conception. Governor Holliday has not resumed the practice of his profession since his retirement from office, devoting his time mainly to study and the cultivation of his farm near Winchester. He has spent much of his time in travel in both hemispheres, having visited Mexico, the West Indies, the Sandwich Islands, the western slope of the Pacific and the interior States and Territories in the Western, and Great Britain and Ireland, and a large portion of the north of the continent of Europe in the Eastern-most of it on foot In these tours he keenly enjoyed the study afforded by critical observation of the grandeur and beauty of nature and of art, the material development and the social life of the countries through which he wandered. He was everywhere the recipient of marked attention, private and official. Governor Holliday has been twice married, first in 1868 to Hannah Taylor, daughter of Thomas McCormick of Clarke county, Virginia. She lived but a short time. In 1871 he married secondly, Caroline Calvert, daughter of Dr. Richard H. Stuart, of King George county, who also died within a year. No issue survives by either marriage.

The following are among the published addresses of Gov. Holliday: "Oration before the Library Company and Citizens of Winchester, Virginia, July 4, 1850."

"Principle and Practice, an Address before the Winchester Library Company, April 14, 1851."

"Oration before the United Fire Department and Citizens of Winchester, July 4, 1851."

"In Memoriam-General Robert E. Lee-Ceremonies at Winchester, January 19, 1871."

"The Higher Education, the Hope of American Republicanism, an Address before the Society of the Alumni of the University of Virginia, June 29, 1876."

"Welcome Address, Yorktown, Virginia, October 19, 1881, by appointment of the Commission of the Congress of the United States for the Centennial Celebration."

In person Governor Holliday is of commanding stature, being fully six feet in height and finely proportioned. Markedly intellectual in feature, genial and prepossessing in manner, his presence inspires confidence and respect. Himself the synonym of honor, jealous of the slightest infraction of that of Virginia, a pure executive and a faithful citizen, his administration reflects enduring lustre upon himself and those whom he represented. Time will yet vindicate the justness of his actions and of his recent affirmation: "As Governor in a prominent light before the people of my own State and before the world, I rejoice in all my efforts then to keep alive in the hearts of Virginia the honor and glory of a famous commonwealth, and, from subsequent events, am only the more confirmed in the correctness of my course. I would Lot for my life blot one word I then spoke or wrote."

WILLIAM EWAN CAMERON.

The descent of William Ewan Cameron, representative as it has been of valor, genius and worth, may justly excite regard. According to family tradition, he was paternally descended from the Scotish chieftain of the clan Cameron, Sir Ewan Lochiel, who during the civil wars adhered to the Stuarts until their cause was hopeless, and whose prowess is celebrated in song as well as preserved in history. Rev. John Cameron was educated at King's College, Aberdeen, and being ordained by the Bishop of Chester in 1770, came to America. His first charge was St. James' Church in Mecklenburg county, Virginia. In 1784 he removed to Petersburg, Virginia. In 1793 he served as recor

of Bristol parish. He was an excellent scholar, and for a time con ducted a classical school. His learning was recognized in the degree of Doctor of Divinity, conferred by William and Mary College. Of the issue of Dr. Cameron, a daughter became the wife of Rev. Andrew Syme, of Petersburg, Virginia; another the wife of Walker Anderson, whose son was Judge Walker Anderson, of Florida. Judge Duncan Cameron, of the Supreme Court of North Carolina, was his son. Another son, William Cameron, married Anna, daughter of Daniel Call, an eminent lawyer, Reporter of the Virginia Court of Appeals, and brother

in-law of Chief Justice John Marshall, and of his issue was Walker Anderson Cameron, who married in 1841, Elizabeth Harrison Walker, a granddaughter of Benjamin Harrison, of "Berkeley," and a greatgranddaughter of William Byrd, of "Westover," James River, Virginia. Of their issue was the subject of this sketch, who was born in Petersburg, Virginia, November 29, 1842. His advantages of education were limited, and he was early thrown upon his own resources by the death of his parents. At the age of sixteen he went to the West in pursuit of fortune. Upon the breaking out of our late civil war in 1861, he was in St. Louis, Missouri. He promptly returned to his native Stato and enlisted as a private in Company A, 12th Regiment Virginia Volunteers. His soldierly merit speedily secured his promotion successively through the non-commissioned grades to the rank of Lieutenant of his company, and subsequently to the posts of Regimental Adjutant, and Brigade Inspector. He served with uniform gallantry throughout the war, was several times severely wounded, and surrendered finally at Appomattox Court House with the rank of Captain. Upon the conclusion of the war he was led by Hon. Anthony M. Keiley, who was then conducting the Daily News of Petersburg, to employ his pen in journalism, and first contributed to the News a serial of sketches of the war. The News soon fell under the ban of Federal authority, and was suppressed, but was renewed by its proprietors as the Index, which is still conducted as the Index and Appeal. William Ewan Cameron was first employed on the Index as local editor, but in a few months was sent to Norfolk, Virginia, to edit the Norfolk Virginian, in the publication of which the proprietors of the Index were interested. From Norfolk he was recalled to Petersburg to take editorial charge of the Inder, which he conducted until 1870, when he became the editor of the Richmond Whig. In 1868, Captain Cameron fought a duel, growing out of political differences, with Robert W. Hughes (now United States Judge for the Eastern District of Virginia), and was severely wounded. In 1872 he assumed control of the Richmond Enquirer, which he conducted until October, 1873. Returning to Petersburg, he for a time served on the editorial staff of the Index. In 1876 he was elected the Mayor of Petersburg, and thus served by four successive elections until nominated as Governor of Virginia. In 1877 Captain Cameron resumed editorial control of the Whig, and continued that connection with some interruption until December, 1879. In 1881 Captain Cameron was elected Governor of Virginia over the Conservative candidate, Major John Warwick Daniel, and entered upon the duties of the office January 1, 1882, for the term of four years. Governor Cameron exhibited much talent as a journalist. He is a vigorous writer and an effective speaker. He is of medium stature and prepossessing in person. He is married and has issue.*

* Sketch of Governor Fitzhugh Lee in volume II.. VIRGINIA AND VIRGINIANS.

AMBROSE POWELL HILL,

LIEUTENANT-GENERAL CONFEDERATE STATES ARMY.

The name Hill is of early prominence in the annals of Virginia. The primary ancestor of the subject of this sketch in Virginia it is believed was Edward Hill, who received a grant of 450 acres of land in Charles City county, July 25, 1638.* (Virginia Land Registry, book No. 1, p. 579.) In 1644 he appeared with the rank of Captain as Speaker of the House of Burgesses. In March, 1645, he was sent with Captain Thomas Willoughby as commissioners to Maryland “to demand the return of persons who had left the colony." He served as a member of the House of Burgesses from Charles City county from 1645 to 1654, the last year as Speaker of the body. In 1656, as commandant with the rank of Colonel of the Colonial Rangers and the friendly Indians under Totopotomoi, the Pamunkey Chief, he was disastrously defeated in an encounter with the Richahecrian Indians from mountains at a point in the present eastern limits of Richmond, known as Bloody run, which has its source in a bold spring. The slain were so numerous (Totopotomoi being among them) that the tradition is that the streamlet ran with blood, and hence its designation. Such was the indignation against Hill that he was disfranchised by the Assembly. His son, Edward Hill, Jr., however, became a man of station in the colony, serving as County Lieutenant of Charles City county with the "ank of Colonel, and as a member of the council, but he, too, fell under the ban of the General Assembly, and in May, 1676, was "disabled from holding office for participating in the patriotic uprising known as 'Bacon's Rebellion.' Ambrose Powell Hill, a lineal descendant of Captain Ambrose Powell,† a vestryman of Bromfield parish in 1752, aid the son of Major Thomas Hill was born in Culpeper county November 9, 1825. He entered West Point Academy July 1, 1842, and graduated thence July 1, 1847, the fifteenth in merit in a class of

"There were previous grants to John Hill and Nicholas Hill in Elizabeth Cit; county in 1655 and 1637, respectively, and to Richard Hill in James City county, May 4, 1633, and subsequent grants to John Hill and Thomas Hill, the atter receiving 3,600 acres in James City county, the last grant being in James City county December 1, 1643. Col. Edward Hill, the elder, is said to have been of the family of the Marquis of Downshire, and the arms of his tombtone are said to establish the claim. John Carter, the son of Robert (“Kig ”) Carter and grandson of John Carter, the founder of the Carter family inVirginia, married in 1723, Elizabeth Hill, a daughter of Colonel Edward Hill, the younger.

It as been suggested that Captain Ambrose Powell was of the lineage of Captai, Nathaniel Powell, some time acting Governor of Virginia, and who was slan in the memorable Indian massacre of March 22, 1622.

A bother of Major Thomas Hill was a prominent politician and represented Culpeper county in the Virginia Assembly for twenty years or more.