State of England.-Settlement of the Commonwealth.-A High Court of Justice constituted for the Trial of the Duke of Ha- milton, as Earl of Cambridge, and the Earls of Norwich, &c.- Irish affairs, and the Exploits of Cromwell there, &c.-State of Scotland.-The Expedition and Death of Montrose.-Eng- lish Affairs.-Arrival of Charles II. in Scotland, and War be- tween the two Nations.-Fairfax declines the Command of the Army destined against Scotland, and Cromwell appointed Ge- neral.-Cromwell's Expedition into Scotland.-Battle of Dun- bar.-Subsequent Measures of the Covenanters, and their Ex- pedition into England.-Battle of Worcester.-The King's Escape.-Exploits of the Navy; Character of Blake.-The State of the Nation under Cromwell's Usurpation.-Barebone's Parliament.-Cromwell made Protector.-Peace with Hol- land. Another Parliament.-Insurrection of the Royalists.- State of Europe, and War with Spain.-Cromwell's third Par- liament.-Humble Petition and Advice.-Dissolution of Par- liament.-State of the Nation.-Conquest of Jamaica -Suc- Richard Cromwell, Oliver's eldest Son, acknowledged Protector. -Summons a Parliament.-Cabal of Wallingford-House.- Parliament dissolved.-Richard deposed.-Long Parliament restored. Conspiracy of the Royalists.-Insurrection suppress- ed.-Parliament expelled the House.-Conduct of Moncke.- Parliament restored.-Resolutions of the City.-Moncke sent against it.-Enters London a second time, and declares for a VOL. IV. Page 2. line 18: for new British General read new brutish general, 107. line 18. for drawn down read drawn out. 147. note, for the proceedings read the proceeding. 164. note, line 7. reference Ludlow, vi. should be vol. i. 169. line 18. for such was read such were. 179. note, line 10. from foot, dele who. 200. note, line 11. from foot, for knocked down one read knocked down one dead. 223. line 18. for indeed to read indeed of. 230. line 5. for as an example read as against an example. 278. line 18. for mutilate off read mutilate of. 286. line 8. for would have had cashiered him read would have had hina cashiered. The index was not drawn out by me, nor, certain circumstances having oblig. ed me to set off for London immediately after the history was finished, had I an opportunity to revise the proof sheets of the Index; and I perceive the following palpable mistakes: I. Sir Edward Coke is referred to under two different heads, Sir Edward and Lord Coke, as if there had been two individuals, whereas that great lawyer is frequently called Lord Coke from having been Lord Chief Justice; and I varied his titles to avoid fatiguing the ear by a constant recurrence of the same sound. II. Harrison the author, and Harrison the major-general, who afterwards suffered as a regicide, are ranked under the same head. The references to vol. i. are to the author, who published in 1577; those to vol. iv. to the major-general. III. The references to vol. iv. under the head of Lord Maynard, relate to Sir John, the famous sergeant at law. ADDITIONAL ERRATUM TO VOL. I. Page 41. line 11. after poor's laws then devised. there should be only a comma instead of a full point. HISTORY OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE. CHAP. X. State of the respective Armies, &c.-Battle of Naseby.Capture and Publication of Letters found in the King's Cabinet.Farther Successes of the Parliamentary Troops.-Fall of Bristol.-Retreat of the King to Oxford.-Motions of the Scots.-Actions of Montrose, and his Defeat at Philliphaugh.-Transactions of Glamorgan.-Intrigues of the King-Advance of Fairfax to Oxford, and Flight of Charles to the Scottish Army before Newark.-Termination of the War.-Fruitless Negociation.-The King delivered up by the Scots. THE three parliamentary armies having been, by the ordinance of parliament, ordered to be reduced to one, the soldiers that had been under Essex mutinied, and eight troops, commanded by Colonel Dalbier, kept for some time at such a suspicious distance, that it was expected they would join the king*; but the soldier-like, masterly address of Rush. vol. vi. p. 18. If ever any letter was, as Hollis asserts, written by St. John to the committee of Hertfordshire, to fall upon any of the troops, it probably regarded those, which were alone suspected; and it is not easy to say what was to be done under such circumstances: Was it a time to talk of the ordinary process of law, which Hollis argues for, when their conduct evinced a disposition to join the adverse party? Skippon, with the high estimation in which he was held by the whole military, soon brought the great body to order, and Dalbier also joined them *. All laxity of discipline was now dismissed, and throughout the whole ranks was kindled an enthusiasm for the cause as it involved both civil and religious rights. Fairfax having been sent down to join them, determined to waste no time in inactivity. Cromwell had come to Windsor, with the avowed purpose of taking leave of the general, on laying down his command, according to the self-denying ordinance, when the dispensation from parliament arrived, with orders to him to march on a particular servicef. The enemies of the new model cried out against it, predicting nothing but ruin from commanders devoid of experience; and Charles himself indulged in unworthy "remarks on the parliament's new British neral +." ge In the west, the king had possession of the greater part of the country. All Cornwall was in his power; and, in Devonshire, Plymouth was the only town garrisoned by the parliament. In Somerset, Taunton, the only town of that county, and indeed the only walled town in that quarter garrisoned there by the parliament, was closely besieged by Sir Richard Grenville, and in great distress; the excellent conduct of Blake having alone preserved it. In Dorset, the parliament still held Pool, * Rush. vol. vii. p. 16, et seq. † lb. p. 23-4. Whitelocke, p. 141. Baillie's Let. vol. ii. p. 91. 95. 98. 103, 104. 106. King's Cabinet Opened. Whitelocke, p. 140. |