books, says:

summer,

schools of North Carolina, who, in his whom we have just quoted, is the superletter to school committees, dated April intendent of schools in North Carolina 14. 1856, remarking upon certain schools that Professor Hedrick was banished

from a university in that state last " The houses which publish these works

for saying what might be have high national characters ; they are not construed into a condemnation of the connected with the sectional agitations that system of slavery ; and that, in general, are now having much pernicious influence, and they have manifested the most enlightened

a man speaks and writes there in favor of And liberal kind of enterprise, by trying to

the natural freedom of man ut his peril; promote their interests in a way to bevefit us. and yet North Carolina is generally

I can, therefore, cheerfully considered as milder in its feeling upon recommend them to the patronage of our citizene, as well as to their confidence; and, as an

the great question, than any other of the instance of the importance of carrying out, in

slave states. Mr. Wiley says, that the selection of books, the suggestions of “ of the growing white population, it those who have given anxious attention to the

will not be one in fifteen, perhaps, not whole subject, I may mention that I knew a inerchant of our state recently tu purchase

one in twenty, who cannot read or readers wbich contain an article strongly re.

write." He allows that in 1840, "one fecting on the south, and are published by in every seven and a half of our adult bitter and bigoted abolitionists. I am not

population could not read and write, of blaming tho merchant; he only know the booke were used in bis section, and, doubtless,

whom every two-thirds were women, bou liale acquaintance with their contents, or the mothers, guardians, and first teachwith the character of publishers-matters to ers of the citizens of the state." If it which I bave given special attention." is remembered that the white population

What thoughtful tenderness is here! is only two-thirds of the inhabitants of The Hon. C. H. Wiley does not blame the state, the ratio of people who canthe merchant! Amiable Hon. C. H. not read and write is proportionably Wiley! He (the merchant) only knew changed. the books were used in his section ! In Massachusetts, in the year 1850, They might have been bibles, not yet there was only one in every 416 of the purgated and prepared by the Hon. C. H. whole population who could not read Wileys. They might have been books and write, and the same number of tho which said God made man in his image; School Journal, which contains Mr. Love thy brother as thyself; Do as you Wiley's statement, also contains parts would be done by-instead of, “God of a “ Fourth of July" speech at Ramade every man in his image-exoept leigh, in which the orator feelingly says : the black man; Love thy brother as “We may deplore the overthrow thyself—unless he be a negro; Do as of other systems; we may shed tears you would be done by-and you know, of sorrow and of patriotic anguish over little dears, if you were Africans, you the disastrous darkness which even now, would wish to be sold as slaves, to enjoy seems to be settling on tho star of MagChristian privileges." Such " readers sachusetts ; yet, happen what may, let would not be connected with sectional us be true to ourselves." And he alludes agitations, and might supply a broad to the glorious " right of free-speech," foundation of the proper sentiment on enjoyed by the citizens of the statewhich to rear a southern literature. But Professor Hedrick, for example-forunless the Hon. C. H. Wileys are suf- getful of the Revised Statutes of North fered to burn and banish books that are Carolina, which set forth, ch. 34, $ 74, written out of the south," they will p. 209, that a white man may be tined pertinaciously come in. Among oth- or imprisoned for attempting to teach ers, Pulnam's Monthly will como in, be- any slave to read or write. cause there are plenty of readers at Further than this, which is unpro" the south" who are interested in the mising for the number of indigenous country and its development, and plen- readers—at least, for the new southern ty of writers at the south whose articles literature--let the Savannah Tupmans Maga is always glad to publish-if they and Snodgrasses look for a moment at are good-and liberally to pay for. the actual performance, in “ the south,"

The chances of a literature techni- of the “ talent enough to do anything" cally southern, that is, uninspired by in the way of a literature. Here is our any spirit of liberty, and directly advo- contemporary for December, 1856—the cating slavery, may be inferred from Southern Literary Messenger. Its edithe fact, that the Hon. C. H. Wiley, torial appeal, at the oloso of the year, says:

“The magazine has never been • sorrow and patriotic anguish over the worthier of the hearty support of the disastrous darkness which, even now, southern public than at present," and seems to be settling upon the star of again: “ The editor asks, with a reason- Massachusetts." This is the literature abla confidence, that an augmented which that eminent superintendent will share of southern patronage may be not“ blame” merchants for vending granted to a work which has, for twen- and reading. This effort of the “southty-two years vindicated the intellectual ern" genius, to which we invite the atreputation of the southern people, and tention of the reader, is entitled, “ The upheld their social institutions under Hireling and the Slave : Chicora, and every species of assault."

other poems. By William J. Grayson. Nis, let us see in what manner this Charleston, 1856." Tho argument of nuinber vindicates the intellectual repu- the poem is thus stated. The human tation of the southern people. It has mind attends with delight: sis prose articles, one of which is mere

“ Slavery is that system of labor which ex. ly an account of the circumstances at

changes subsistence for work, which secures tending the painting of a copy of “The a life-maintenance from the master to the School of Athens,” for the Virginia blave, and gives a life-labor from the slavo to University, three of the others are

the master. The slave is an apprentice for

life, and owes his labor to his master; the stories of the most ordinary lady

master owes support, during life, to the slave. magazine character; and the two pa- Slavery is the negro system of labor. He is pers in the number which have any lazy and improvident. Slavery makes all value at all, are both selected from

work, and it insures hores, food, and clothing

for all. It permits no idleness, and it provides English publications. There are seven for sickness, infancy, and old age. It ailows poems, and, excepting one littlo song, no tramping or skulking, and it knows no pauwith a French refrain, they are such

perism." verse as is easily written and read Who makes the slave "an apprentice with difficulty. This is distinctively for life,” and by wbat claim, and in the southern magazine. Does the most what manner, “he owes his labor,” the credulous Pick wickian believe that, if gentle Grayson does not say or sing. the northem books and periodicals and But he continues : school-marms" are banished, the de

"All Christians believe that the affairs of the lights of life in slave regions will be- world are directed by Providence for wibo and come more patent?

good purposes. The coming of the negro to We say such things in no possible rule. llis transportation was a rude modo of

North Ainerica makes no exception to the spirit of unkindness to

emigration--the only practicable one in his temporary, but that contemporary, case-not attended with more wretchedncas in afspealing so entirely to a ** south- than the emigrant ship often exhibits evon ern," rather than a national or Ameri- now, notwithstanding the passenger law.

What the purpose of his coming is we may can support, directly challenges scru

not prosume to judge. But we can see much tiny into its claims and character.

good already resulting from it-good to the But we have still another specimen negro in his improved condition; to the counof the “talent enough to do whatever

try whose rich fields he has cleared of the

forest, and made productive in climates unfit is wanted,” in the way of “southern

for the labor of the white inan; to the conti literature," and this is purely “ south- dent of Africa in furnishing, is it may ulti ern," in the most technical sense. It mately, the only means for civilizing its peo is a signal example of that kind of litera- ple." ture for which Tupman need not “go Very “ultimately," we should say, to Old or New England." It is the sort The implication of this statement is, which may be freely had when “north- that slavery is good for the soul of the ern books or papers” are definitively African, by opening to it a chance for excluded, and is of the kind, in the the glorious liberty wherewith Christ words of the resolution," best quali- hath made us free. It is a great Chrisfied to elevate and purify the education tion scheme. Every native African, of the south."

who absents himself from the slave barThis is the literature to cling to, while racoon, and refuses to undergo tho the weeping state of North Carolina, “ rudo mode of emigration” to America with the Hon. C. H. Wiley at its head, and heaven, deliberately declines salholding a cambric .handkerchief to his vation, and must, therefore, be saved eyes, “may deplore the overthrow of against bis wicked will. If it is true other systems, and may shed tears of of one African, it is true of all. The

our

con

slave-trade is a great missionary insti- . picture of African candidates who bave tution; and the genius of Christianity, survived “the rude mode of emihaving saved the rest of the world, gration." finally invited Africa to sit down with

"And yet the life, so unassailed by care, the redeemed. Now we wish to call So blessed with moderate work, with ample Tupman's attention, and that of the fare,

With all the good the starving pauper gentle Grayson, to the fact, that there

needs, is a most reprebensible partiality in this The bappier slavo on each plantation loads ; selection of candidates for salvation. Safo from barassing doubts and annual

fears, The present writer, "& northern

He droads do famino in unfruitful years; school-marm” of an uncertain age, and

If harvests fail, from inauspicious abies, the gentle Grayson, the bard of slavery Tho master's providence his food supplies ; and salvation, have an equal right No pau pors perish here for wont of bread, to Christian privileges—although the

Or lingering live, by foreign bounty fod ;

No exiled trains of homeless peasants go, school-inarm may be deeply dun in her In distant climes to toll their tales of woe : color, and the son of song of that lovely Far other fortune, froe from care and strife, pallor peculiar to the unmixed races. For work, or bread, attends the negro's

life, In the same way ought not the African,

And Christian blavos may challenge as whether young or old, siok or well, to

their own, be admitted to the chances of Christian. The blessings claimed in fubled states ization ? Now, we protest it is not so.

aloneThat eminent missionary, Captain Ca

The cabin home, not comfortless though

rude, not, originally sent out by some West Light daily labor, and abundant food, Indian saints to catch bodies and gave The sturdy bealth that temperate habits souls in Africa, in his work, describing The Choerful song that rings in every field,

yield, bis experience in furthering the designs The long, loud laugh, that freemen seldom of Providence upon the slave-coast, re- sbare, marks:

Ilcaven's boon to bosoms unapproached by

care, “ Upon ono occasion, to my great astonish.

And boisterous jost and humor unrefined, ment, I saw a stout and apparently powerful

That loave, though rough, no painful sting inan, discarded by Ormond as utterly worth

bobind; less. His full muscles and sleek skin, to my

While, nestling near, to bless their humble unpracticed cye, denoted the height of robust

lot, bcalth. Still, I was told that he had been medicated for the market with bloating, drugs, The evening dance its merriment imparts,

Warın social joys surround the pogro's cot, and sweated with powder and lomon.juico to

Love, with its rapture, alls their youthful impart a gloss to his skin. Ormond reinarked

hoarts, that these jockey-tricks are as coinmon in

And placid age, the task of labor dono, Africa as amoug horse-dealers in Christian lands; and, desiring me to feel the negro's

Enjoys the summer shade, the winter sun,

And, as through life no pauper want bo puise, I immediately detected discaso, or ox

kpows, ocsaive excitement. In a few days I found the

Laments no poor-house penance at its close." poor wretch, abandoned by his owner, a par. alyzed wreck in the hut of a villager at Ban. We invite the attention of robust galang. When a slave becoinos useiegs to bis

carpenters, and masons, and farmers, mnster in the interior, or cxbibits signs of

and laborers of every kind, whose marfailing constitution, bc is soon disposed of to & peduler or broker. These meu call to their nid

ket-value cannot be less than $1,500, a quack, fumiliar with drugs, who, for a if they are only black enough (the small compensation, undertakes to refit an

state of Virginia, we believe, allows a impaired body for the temptation of green. horns. Sometimes the cheat is successfully

sixteenth part black blood to qualify effected : but experiencod slavers detoct it for slavery), to the superior advantages reavily by the yellow eye, swollen tongue, and of this aspect of the Christian scheme. feverish skin."

We cite, now, some toothsome bits of We put it to all Christians, including the gentle Grayson's milder and even the gentle Grayson, whether a man more Christian strain. He is speaking should loso his candidacy for Christian of the wicked revilers of slavery-but salvation merely because of bloating mark how tenderly he entreats them: drugs and sweating unto sleekness with

“There, chief and teacher, Gerrit Smith apJenon-juice and gunpowder, which can

pears, but affect the perishable body?

There Tappan mourns, like Niobe, all tears, We can inerely give an idea of the Carnage and fire mud Garrison invokes, rare beauty and character of this work,

And Halo, with better temper, sinirks and which is entirely worthy of its inspira. There Giddings, with the negro mania bit,

His fustian speeches into market brings, Ready each furious impulse to obey,
And prints and peddles all the pa'try things; He raves and ravens like a beast of prey,
The pest ind scorn of legislative halls,

To bloody outrage stimulates his friends,
No rule restrains him, no disgrace appalls ; And fires the Capitol for party opds.
Kicked from the House, tho crcature knows
no pnin,

“ There, Seward smiles the sweet perennial But crawls, contented, to his sent again,

emile, Wallows with joy in slander's slough ovce

Skilled in the tricks of subtlety and guilo ; more,

The Flyest schemer that the world e'er saw; And plays Thersites happier than before ; Peddler of sentiment and patent law; Prompt from his seal-wben distant riots Ready for fee or fuction to display need

His skill in eitber, if the practice pay, The Senate's aid-he flies with railway But void of all that inakes the frank and speed,

brave, Harangues, brage, bullies, then resumes his And smooth, and soft, and crafty like the chair,

slave; And wears his trophies with a hero's air ; Soft as Couthon when, verred in civil strife, His coilengues scourge him; but be shrewdly He sent his daily victims to the knife, shows

Women proscribed with calin and gentle A profitable use for whips and blows

grace, His friends and voters mark the increasing And murdered mildly, with a smiling faco: score,

Parental rule in youih he bravely spurned, Count every lash, and honor him the more. And higher law with boyish wit discernco;

A village teacher then, his style betrays “There supple Sumner, with the negro The pedant practice of those scarned days, cause,

When boys, not deinagogues, obeyed his Plays the sly game for office and applause;

nod, What boots it if the negro sink or swim?

His higher low the tcar-compelling rod : He wins the Senate-'tis enough for him.

While Georgia's guest, a pleasant life he What though he blast the fortunes of the

led, state

And slavery fed him with her savory brend, With fierce dissension and enduring hate ?

Ae now

helps him, in an ampler way, He makes his speech, his rhetoric displays,

With spells and charms that factious hordos Trims the neat trope, and points the spark.

obey. ling phrase With well-turned period, fosters civil strife, “There Stowe, with prostituted pon, ag. And barters for a phrase a nation's life;

sails Sworn into office, his nice fcelinge loathe*

One half her country in malignant tales; Tho dog-like faithfulness that keeps an oath ;

Careless, like Trollupe, whether truth she For rules of right the silly crowd may bawl,

tells, His loftier spirit scorns and spurns them all; And anxious only how the libel sells, He becds nor court's decree nor Gospel To blander's mart she furnishes supplies, light,

And feeds its morbid appetite for lies What Sumner thinks is right alone is right. On fictions fashioned with malicious art, On this bound maxim sires and sons pro- The venal pencil, and malignant heart, ceed,

With fact distorted, inference unsound, Changed in all else, but still in this agreed : Creatures in fancy, not in nature foundThe sires all slavers, the humaner son

Chusto quadroon virgins, saints of sable bue, Curses the trade, and mourns the mischief Martyrs, than zealous l'aul more tried and done.

true, For gold they made the negroes slaves, and Demoniac masters, sentimental slaves, bc,

Mulatto cavaliers, and Creole knavesFor fame and office, seeks to set them free;

Monsters each portrait drawn, ench story told ! Self still the end in wbich their creeds unite, What then? The book may bring its weight And that which serves the end is always in gold; right

Enough! upon the crafty rule sbe leans, “There Greeley, grieving at a brother's That makes the purpose justify the means,

Concocts the venoni, and, with eager gaze, Spits with impartial spite on friend and foe; To Glasgow tlies for patron, pence, and praise, Isis negro griets and sympathies produce And for a plaudered country finds rewards No nobler fruits than malice and abuse; In smiles or oneers of duchesses and lords. To each fanatical delusion prone,

" For profits and applauses poor as these, He dumns all creeds and parties but bis

To the fulse tale she adds its falser Keys Own,

Of gatliered slunders-ber ignoble aim, Brawls, with hot zcal, for every fool and

With foes to traffic in her country's shame. knave, The foreign felon and the skulking slave ; Even Chapliu, öncuking from his jail, re- A moral scavenger, with greedy cye, ceives

In social ills her coarser labors lie; The Tribune's sympathy for punished thieves, On tields where vice cladis the light of day, And factiou's fiercest rabble always find She hunts up crimes us beagles buut their A kindred nature in the Tribune's mind ;

preyi

woe,

• “Is thy servant a dog that he should do this thing ?"-Mr. Sumner's answer, when usked whether he would obey the Coustitution as interpreted by the authorities of the country: GRAYSOS.

cease.

66

Gleans every dirty nook--the folon's jail, mont, and announcos that his pen has
And hangman's mem'ry, for detraction's tale, lost its charm for southern minds.
Snufft up pollution with a pious air,
Collects a rumor here, a ylander there ;

But, if that were so, it is high time for Witb batred's ardor gathers Nowgate's spoils, Professor Bledsoe & Co. to go to work ; Aud trades for gold the garbage of her toils. for there can be no doubt in the mind

“In sink and sewer thus, with searching oye, of every intelligent southern reader Through mud and slime unhappy wretches that the literature of this country cares

pry; In fetid puddles dabble with delight,

no longer to duck, and compliment, and Search every filthy gathering of the night;

omit, but will speak louder and louder Fish froin its depths, and to the spacious bag every day, directly and indirectly, Convey with care the black, polluted rng; against human slavery. The first With rocking waife secure tho nightly bed, And turn their noisome stores to daily broad."

proper novel in American literature,

i. Uncle Tom's Cabin," is the greatest With this chivalric burst of the gentle literary protest against it. That novel Grayson, we leave that pleasing bard. is scarcely six years old, and it strikes

This is a fair specimen of the south- the key-note of a strain that will not ern literature" that is intended in the

The whole spirit of modern elaborate joke of the Pickwickians at literature is directly humane. There Savannal. The simple truth was stated are, therefore, but threo ways open to by Snodgrass. Publishers at the north Tupman & Co.--first, to give up readpay liberally, and therefore, the books ing altogether; second, to read a humane that are written at “the south” are literature, which is, in its very essence, not published there. Tho reason is, anti-slavery; or, third, to insist that tho that the free spirit of the north en- “ talent enough to do what is wanted” courages and fosters every kind of shall bogin to do it. mental development; and, as one of the Wo speak for the literature of the instinctive convictions of the human country when we say it no longer inmind is, that men are born free, wherever tends to shiver and turn pale when it it is a crime to say so there will speaks of the south” or southern innever be any literature, and publishers stitutions. It will treat them as it treats and authors will be few, poor, and “the north” and northern institutions. unknown. Those Savannah wags knew That is to say, it will honor the honorit as well as anybody. It is litera- able, and scorn and satirize what is ture itself they oppose.

mean. It will treat slavery as a great dear “south," of which tho club tako moral, social, and political blight. It such care, is full of readers. Those will point to “southern literature," and readers may deplore what they call the laws, and education, as illustrations of eternal agitation of the great question; the truth of what it says. Tupman but they must also seo that, as it will says, “ Southern men ought to stop be agitated until it is settled, they must their subscriptions" to our pea-green make up their minds to it, and, in their Maga. Tupman is a droll Pickwick. magazine reading, omit such articles as ian. Does he suppose that our readers, this, and enjoy such as procede and who live in slave states, necessarily confollow it. They must dine, although sider slavery sacred, and will content thero be a skull on the table. They themselves with reading the gen:le must read what the authors of our time Grayson? They must have the best and of all time write, and they know very in the market for their money. Men well that all the greatest men have been in slave states send us valuable articles. lovers and laureates of liberty. If the They write well, and like to read what condition of the perpetuity of slavery is well written. Go to, Tupman! you were that “the south" should feed are speaking in a purely Pickwickian upon such literature as may be called, sepse when you say we traduce " the in Tupman's sense, “southern"-the south." Is the south,” slavery ? harpings of the gentle Grayson, for We do speak ill of slavery, and we example-slavery would be abolished shall often do so. We shoot folly as it to-morrow. We observe that some flies, and wberevor it flies, and whore southern newspaper shakes the whip over it percheg. And if folly bloats over the head of Willis, becauso that into crimo or fuddles into fury, we shall gentleman said he should vote for Fré. still shoot away.

The poor