brethren. And he denounced a woe against him who had lately put out some lights that were used to shine in Cambridge." RICHARD GARDINER was a puritan divine of considerable repute in the university of Cambridge; who, in 1583, united with other learned divines in warmly requesting Mr. Cartwright to answer the Rhemist Translation of the New Testament. In 1587 he often met with the nonconformists at their private assemblies in London, Cambridge, and other places.+ It does not appear whether he was any relation to Mr. John Gardiner, another puritan divine. MR. KENDAL was a learned and peaceable divine, of a holy life and conversation, and one of the public readers in the university of Oxford; but he could not in conscience subscribe and observe the ceremonies, yet he refrained from speaking against them. He was, therefore, suspended by Archbishop Whitgift. The lord treasurer interceded with the archbishop for his restoration, in a letter dated April 21, 1590, in which he speaks of Mr. Kendal in terms of the highest commendation, and earnestly prays his grace to restore him to his ministerial exercise, at least till he was found guilty of disturbing the peace of the church. "But," our author adds, "I do not find what success he had witla the archbishop." EZEKIEL CULVERWELL, educated in Emanuel college, Cambridge, was some time rector of Stambridge in Essex, and afterwards vicar of Felsted in the same county. When in the latter situation he was prosecuted for nonconformity. In the year 1583 he was suspended by Bishop Aylmer, for not wearing the surplice. He was a man of great piety and excellent ministerial abilities, and instrumental in the conversion of the celebrated Dr. William Gouge, when a boy at school. His sister was the doctor's mother. He is classed Strype's Annals, vol. iii. p. 489, 490. + MS. Chronology, vol. i. p. 419. (13.) Newcourt's Repert. Eccl. vol. ii. p. 542. || MS. Register p. 584. among the learned writers of Emanuel college; and was author of " A Treatise of Faith," 1633; also, "A ready Way to Remember the Scriptures," 1637. MR. BERNHERE was fellow in the university of Cambridge, where he received his education. He, like many of his puritanical brethren, scrupled the episcopal ordination of the national church, and went abroad, when he was ordained in one of the foreign reformed churches. About the year 1590, his claim to his fellowship was disputed in the university, because he was not a minister according to the church of England; but it does not appear whether he suffered deprivation. Upon his appearance before the governing ecclesiastics, Mr. Alvey very zealously defended his cause, and boldly maintained, that he was as good a minister as any there present.+ GEORGE NEWTON was the puritan minister at Barnwell in Northamptonshire. He never wore the surplice, nor used the cross in baptism, nor allowed the use of the ring in marriage, nor would he permit the oldest of his parishioners to come to the Lord's supper till they had passed his examination. Mr. Newton having spoken in a public discourse on the afflictions of the righteous, observed, that the proceedings of the bishops in the suspension of worthy ministers were tyrannical; for which he was accused to those in authority. When he appeared before his superiors, and was required to explain his meaning, he said that he meant this of antichristian bishops.+ JOHN ALLISON was fellow in the university of Cambridge, and afterwards minister at the place mentioned in the last article, but was suspended in 1583, for refusing subscription to Whitgift's articles. He afterwards served the cure of Horningsheath in Suffolk, where he was again suspended by Dr. Legg; and it is added, that, although he was in neither case absolved, he still continued to preach. *Fuller's Hist. of Cam. p. 147. + Baker's MS. Collec. vol. xii, p. 210. VOL. III. Ibid. P. 211. Ibid. 2 L WILLIAM BOURNE was fellow in the above university; but, upon his entrance into the ministerial office, he scrupled subscription to Whitgift's articles. He sought to be ordained by the Bishop of Chester, but without success, because he could not in conscience subscribe. He then waited upon his lordship of Peterborough, and was in like manner repelled. At last he made application to the Bishop of St. Asaph, when it seems he gained admittance without subscribing to what he did not believe. The following persons, all fellows in the university of Cambridge, were nonconformable to the orders. of the church: Mr. Thomas Bindes, Mr. James Crowther, Mr. William Peachy, Mr. John Cupper, and Mr. Sparke.* WILLIAM SMYTHURST was beneficed at Sherrington in Buckinghamshire; but was convened before the high commission, and deprived of his living on account of his nonconformity. This was about the year 1595, when the Earl of Essex, his great friend, repeatedly applied to the lord keeper for his restoration, but apparently without the least success. In one of these applications, he affirms, that Mr. Smythurst had by various methods been molested, and wrongfully pursued, by the governing ecclesiastics.+ MR. ADERSTER, the puritanical minister of Gosberton in Lincolnshire, was tried in the year 1596, at the public assizes before Judge Anderson, who treated him with great cruelty. He had some years before been a great sufferer in the high commission at Lambeth, by silencing, deprivation, and other ecclesiastical censures, but was afterwards pardoned and restored. Being accused of the same things before Anderson, he was treated worse than a dog; and the good man could not obtain his release without entering into bonds and suffering other grievances. MR. B. BRIDGER was a poor persecuted nonconformist minister; who, March 31, 1603, presented a petition to the house of commons, complaining of the tyrannical proceedings of the ruling ecclesiastics, and praying for a redress of his grievances; which was no sooner read than he was immediately sent a prisoner to the Tower. Being pressed + Ibid. vol. xv. p. 179. Baker's MS. Collec. vol. xii. p. 211. at his examination to confess whether any other persons were concerned in this petition, he refused to answer; lest, as he said, he should bring others into trouble as well as himself. His petition is entered in the commons' journal. THOMAS NEWHOUSE, B. D. was educated in Christ's college, Cambridge, and chosen fellow of the house. He afterwards became minister of St. Andrew's church, Norwich, where he proved himself to be a learned and pious divine. Being, it is supposed, in some trouble for nonconformity, he sent his "Theses about Things Indifferent," to Bishop Jegon, his diocesan, in 1606. He was author of a volume of Sermons, published in 1614.+ One T. N. wrote an "Account of Church Discipline," and an "Answer to the Archbishop's twenty-one Articles," copies of which are still preserved. This was probably the same person. THOMAS EDMUNDS, B. D. was a puritan minister of distinguished eminence, and a person of great moderation. He was a member of the presbytery erected at Wandsworth in 1573; and about the same time he was cast into prison, it is said, "for the testimony of the truth." Afterwards he subscribed the "Book of Discipline." Being convened before the high commission and the star-chamber, in 1590, he took the oath er officio, and discovered the associations. In the year 1585 he became rector of Alhallows, Bread-street, London, which he kept to the end of his days. He died at a very great age, towards the close of the year 1610. Mr./ Richard Stock, another worthy puritan, was his assistant while he lived, and his successor when he died.** STEPHEN GOUGHE, A. B. of Magdalen college, Oxford, but afterwards the puritanical rector of Stanmer in Essex. According to Wood," he was a good logician, and an excellent disputant, but a very severe puritan." He was eminent for training up several famous scholars, among MS. Remarks, p. 551. + MS. Chronology, vol. ii. p. 657. (10.) MS. Register, p. 423, 447. § Fuller's Church Hist. b. ix. p. 103. Baker's MS. Collec. vol. xxxii. p. 442. I Bancroft's Dangerous Positions, p. 77. **Newcourt's Repert. Eccl. vol. i. p. 246.-Clark's Lives annexed to Martyr. p. 62. whom was Dr. Robert Harris, another puritan divine, and some time president of Trinity college, Oxford. Mr. Goughe was living in 1610.* ROBERT CLEAVER was minister at Drayton in Oxfordshire, but silenced by Archbishop Bancroft for nonconformity. In the year 1571, Mr. Thomas Merburie of Christ's college, Cambridge, left a legacy in his last will and testament "to that grave and learned man, Mr. Cleaver."+ He was a most pious, excellent, and useful preacher. Mr. Clark styles him "a godly minister, a bright shining star, and a very able textman." He died about the year 1613. He was author of" An Exposition on the last chapter of Proverbs." Mr. Cleaver and Mr. Dod were joint authors of " An Exposition on the ten Commandments," for which they were usually called decalogists. They also published "The Patrimony of Christian Children," containing a defence of infant-baptism, with some strictures on the sentiments of the baptists. ROBERT MANDEVILL, A. M. was born in Cumberland, in the year 1578, and educated first in Queen's college, then at Edmund's-hall, Oxford. In the year 1607, he was elected vicar of Abby Holm in his native county. Although he met with great opposition in this place, yet, by his zealous and frequent preaching, his exemplary and pious life, he was successful in propagating the gospel. He shewed himself a zealous enemy to popery and all profaneness. He dissuaded his parishioners from keeping markets on the Lord's day, and from the observation of profane sports. According to Wood, "he was accounted a great man, a hard student, a laborious preacher, a zealous and religious puritan." He died at Abby Holm in 1618, aged forty years. He was author of "Timothy's Task, being two Sermons preached in two synodical Assemblies at Carlisle," 1619; and "Theological Discourses." JOHN WILKINSON, denominated an ancient and stout separatist, was a great sufferer for nonconformity. He was * Wood's Athenæ Oxon. vol. i. p. 888. ii. 171. + Baker's MS. Collec. vol. iii. p. 314. Clark's Lives annexed to Martyr. p. 318, 319. Ibid. p. 375. 1 Jessop's Errors of Anabaptism, p. 77. Edit. 1623. |