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III. The Vindictive Psalms.

BY REV. A. S. AGLEN, M.A.

IV. The Epistle to Titus.

BY REV. J. OSWALD DYKES, D.D.

V. "The Teaching of the Twelve Apostles."

BY VEN. ARCHDEACON FARRAR, D.D., F.R.S.

VI. The Growth of the Doctrine of the Resur-
rection of the Body among the Jews.
BY REV. W. J. DEANE, M.A.

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ENOCH'S GOSPEL.

Genesis v. 21-24; Hebrews xi. 5, 6; Jude 14, 15.

THE Book of Genesis is for the most part, as is now well known, composed of "documents," which were already ancient some four thousand years ago, when Moses wrote. And these venerable documents are often, as from their antiquity we should expect them to be, little more than pedigrees or genealogies, brief chronicles of descent from sire to son; though at times, when any great name comes up, a few pregnant and picturesque words are appended, to tell us of some signal service which the bearer of that name rendered to his kind, or to trace the outlines of some remarkable event in which he took part. When we commence anything like a real study of the Book, we are first amazed, and then delighted, to find how largely it is made up of citations from those ancient documents; amazed at finding that what we took to be the work of one author and one age is in fact the work of many authors of different ages; and yet delighted at finding in it signs of accuracy and research for which we had not looked for what could more convincingly authenticate his work to us than the fact that, having to write the history of two thousand years which had elapsed before his birth, Moses should cite the very words of the authorities on which he relied, and from which he had learned much of what he knew?

I. "The book of the generations of Adam" (Gen. v. 1), is one of the earliest of these writings, one of the oldest documents in the world therefore. Like many of the rest, it is a pedigree-a pedigree which traces the descent of the MAY, 1884.

Y

VOL. VII.

human family from Adam to Noah. It says very little of the elder persons in the roll, and only expands into historical detail when it reaches the great catastrophe of the Flood. Its unknown author commences with Adam and Eve, telling us no more of them than that God created them in his own likeness, and that He blessed them; but telling us, ah, how much in these simple words, if only we have skill to read them! Then he passes over six generations, giving us only the names of the successive patriarchs, with the years in which they were born and died. The dry uniformity of this antique genealogy is not once broken, there is no delineation of character, no record of events, till we reach the name of Enoch, "seventh from Adam." But here, moved partly by the exceptional beauty of his character, and partly by the singular termination of his career, the chronicler pauses for a moment, and lights up his dry list of names with a few graphic touches which bring the man and his destiny vividly before us. "Enoch walked with God," he says, so marking the ruling tone or bent of his life; "and he was not, for God took him," so marking the singular character of his end. Nay, he repeats the former of these expressive phrases (verses 22 and 24), "Enoch walked with God;" as if to imply that, strange as was his end, the manner of the patriarch's life was even more momentous and significant than the manner of his death; as of course it was, since, always, it is how a man lives which determines how he shall die. Walking with God is walking to God.

These two brief phrases comprise all that either Moses, or the ancient chronicler whom he quoted, have to tell us about the saintly Enoch and his saintly end. But what they have told us is at once confirmed and supplemented by the writer of the Epistle to the Hebrews, and by St. Jude. The former takes these ancient words for his text and comments on them thus (Heb. xi. 5, 6): "By faith Enoch was translated that he should not see death; and he was not found, because

God translated him, for before his translation he had this testimony, that he had pleased God: but without faith it is impossible to please him; for he that cometh to God must believe that he is, and that he is a rewarder of them that seek after him." The New Testament Apostle confirms Moses therefore, for he tells us that Enoch had "come" to God and "pleased" Him by his daily "walk" of obedience to the Divine Will, and that Enoch "was not," because "God took him" to Himself. But he also enlarges our conception of Enoch's life, by tracing his obedience to "faith;" faith that God is, and that He rewards those who seek after Him; while he glorifies our conception of his end, his “taking," by telling us that it was a taking up and not simply a taking away, a translation and not merely a death.

It is impossible to read these verses in the Hebrews attentively, however, without asking one critical question of interest and importance. The whole argument of the passage turns on Enoch's having received, before his translation, "this testimony, that he had pleased God;" and the writer plainly assumes this testimony as a fact well known to every student of the ancient Scriptures. But where do we find any record of such a testimony having been borne to Enoch? In the Hebrew Scriptures, nowhere. It is to be found only in the Greek version, the Septuagint, in which the Hebrew for "Enoch walked with God," is, by an obvious blunder, translated "Enoch pleased God." So that an inspired writer in the New Testament founds an argument on a blunder, or an erroneous rendering of what an inspired writer in the Old Testament had indited! A terrible fact to those who believe in the verbal inspiration of the Bible; but one which has no terrors for as many of us as read the Bible after the spirit, and not after the letter. For must not a man who walks with God believe in God, believe both that He is-and that He is a Rewarder of all who put their trust in Him? and is not every man who

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