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vestments, that we can readily see how great would be the danger of a widow's losing all she might thus come into possession of. Her position, too, at such a time, is one in which she might easily be imposed upon by injudicious and designing persons, and be thus deprived of the benefits of the insurance. The plan now proposed avoids these and other similar difficulties, by enabling the insurer to secure a certain and definite provision, in annual instalments, for the permanent support of a surviving nominee. For instance, by paying a premium about the same as required on a ten thousand dollar policy, a husband can secure for the support of his widow on his death one thousand dollars a year during the remainder of her life. Thus the danger and expense to which we have referred, as necessarily involved in the investment of money by inexperienced persons, and from dependence upon advisers who may prove injudicious, or perhaps adversely interested, are avoided, the company virtually retaining the money, and paying the nominee ten per cent. interest. We think, therefore, this can truly be said to be "the most effective, and, indeed, the only method of securing a definite, certain and permanent support" to a surviving widow or orphan; and we trust that similar policies will be issued by all our life insurance companies.

AMERICAN STEAM FIRE-ENGINES IN ENGLAND.

From the London Engineer of the 28th March, we learn that a trial of an American steam fire-engine, taken to that country by Mr. LEE, of the Novelty Iron Works, New-York, recently took place at the distillery of Mr. FREDERIC HODGES, Lambert. Besides several distinguished visitors, including the Duke of Sutherland, the Earl of Caithness, Mr. T. HANKEY, M. P., &c., a large number of engineers, among whom were Mr. SCOTT RUSSELL, Mr. J. E. McCONNELL, Mr. C. E. AMOS, Mr. APPOLD, Mr. SHAND, &c., were present. Mr. HODGES first exhibited the working of his two hand-engines, the largest in London, a detachment of the Grenadier Guards, 80 in number, being mustered for manning the handles. The hand-engines drew their water from a well 6 feet below the suction valve, and one of them threw a 1-inch jet about 125 feet high, the chimney of the distillery, 140 feet high, forming a good standard of measurement.

The hand-engines were worked by 40 men each. The steam fireengine was then brought out, the fire laid, and the match applied at 3.58 P. M. In five minutes the pointer of the steam gauge began to move, in seven minutes the pressure of steam was 5 pounds, in ten minutes 12 pounds, in eleven minutes 15 pounds, and the engine commenced working at this pressure. A minute afterwards the steam was at 30 pounds, in two minutes 65 pounds, and in three minutes 120 pounds, whence it gradually rose to 140 pounds. The boiler made steam in the greatest abundance, and it was some times requisite to check the fire to keep it below 200 pounds. The engine was worked by Mr. LEE, the patentee, assisted by Mr. CHARLES B. KING. The water was taken from a source a few feet above the engine, and led into the pump under the moderate pressure thus obtained. A 1-inch jet was thrown at least 5 feet over the chimney, or 145 feet vertically. The Times' report states the height to which the jet was thrown as 150 feet. The same sized jet was afterwards thrown 191 feet horizontally.

JOURNAL OF BANKING, CURRENCY AND FINANCE.

1. CITY WEEKLY BANK RETURNS, NEW-YORK CITY BANKS, PHILADELPHIA BANKS, BOSTON BANKS, PROVIDENCE BANKS. 2. WEEKLY STATEMENT BANK OF ENGLAND. 8. SAVINGS BANKS STATE OF NEW-YORK. 4. BANK OF MAINE.

CITY WEEKLY BANK RETURNS.

NEW-YORK BANKS. (Capital, Jan., 1862, $69,493,577; Jan., 1861, $69,890,475.)

Date.

Loans.

Weekly Clearings.

Specie. Circulation. Net Deposits. January 4,...$154,415,826 $23,983,878 $ 8,586,186 $111,789,233 $ 100,642,429 46 11,... 152,088,012 25,373,070 8,121,512 113,889,762 105,634,811 "6 18,... 149,081,433 26,120,859 7,369,028 113,327,160 107,732,780

105,102,177

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8,... 143,803,890 28,196,666 6,077,417

110,637,557

113,216,297

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100,296,704

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113,512,576

118,957,978

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15,. 141,994,192 28,114,148 5,762,506 110,430,475
22,... 139,950,958 28,875,992 5,489,496 109,079,076 111,346,066
1,... 137,674,238 29,826,959 5,363,944 107,974,499 109,854,823
8,... 133,055,148 30,436,644 5,869,206
15,... 130,622,776 30,773,050 5,904,866
22,... 127,615,306 32,023,390 6,260,309
29,.. 125,021,630 32,841,802 6,758,313
5,... 124,477,484 33,764,382 7,699,641
12,... 123,412,491 34,594,668 8,004,843
19,... 123,070,263 34,671,528 8,064,663 95,179,340 113,529,377

97,601,279

94,428,071 106,973,432 94,082,625 111,336,384 93,759,063 114,738,013

PHILADELPHIA BANKS. (Capital, Jan., 1862, $11,970,130.)

Date.

Loans.

Specie. Circulation. Deposits.

Due to
Banks.

Due from
Banks.

Jan. 6,.$31,046,537 $5,688,728 $2,145,219 $21,396,014 $3,645,956 $1,796,805

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20,698,496 4,120,261 20,058,098 4,209,006 1,858,688 20,068,890 4,572,872 1,707,136 19,032,535 4,890,288 1,587,481 66 17,. 29,388,544 5,849,354 2,191,512 18,692,182 4,661,442 2,052,031 66 24,. 29,280,049 5,867,686 2,230,605 18,777,300 5,205,203 1,935,414 Mar. 3,. 29,393,356 5,881,108 2,343,493 18,541,190 5,218,383 1,828,383 66 10,. 28,083,499 5,869,730 2,575,503 17,375,771 5,131,834 1,733,169 66 17,. 28,723,835 5,897,891 2,632,627 17,253,461 5,342,876 1,649,137

66 24,. 28,350,615 5,915,535 2,707,804 "" 31,. 27,831,333 5,884,314 2,904,542 April 7,. 28,037,691 5,886,424 3,378,970

17,066,267 5,210,365 1,774,162 17,024,198 5,100,186 2,134,392 16,636,538 5,607,488 2,231,889 14,. 28,076,717 5,912,870 3,496,420 18,112,446 4,868,842 2,634,171 64 21,. 28,246,733 6,046,260 3,525,400 19,011,833 4,548,327 2,504,147

BOSTON BANKS. (Capital, Jan., 1862, $38,231,700; Jan., 1861, $38,231,700.)

Date.

Loans.

Specie. Circulation. Deposits.

Due to
Banks.

Due from

Banks.

Jan. 6,.$ 65,612,997 $8,920,486 $6,451 587 $27,093,839 $9,187,924 $8,701,873 66 13,. 64,704,039 8,580,607 6,612,512

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25,441,327 9,547,319 9,018,388
24,030,776 9,593,545
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66 20,. 64.409,585 8,585,277 6,549,871 27,. 63,025,191 8,562,175 6,284,268 Feb. 3,. 62,628,793 8,529,483 6,260,299 66 10,. 62.340,600 8,514,600 6,616,000 17,. 62,587,788 8,410,890 6,469,309 66 24,. 62,053,640 8,341,588 6,580,205 Mar. 3,. 61,678,500 8,364,500 6,318,700 66 10,. 61,834,500 8,409,535 6,693,139 17,. 61,747,000 8,471,000 6,364,800 24,. 61,655,420 8,441,058 6,219,512 86 31,. 61,360,789 8,441,196 5,908,272 Apr. 7,. 61,208,974 8,674,170 6,557,152 66 14,. 61,058,969 8,688,573 6,170,383 21,009,010 8,949,259 66 21,. 61,019,787 8,679,356 5,924,906 21,570,017 8,529,277

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9,892.600 8,965,500

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PROVIDENCE BANKS. (Capital, Jan., 1862, $15,454,600.)

Due to

Due from
Banks.

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Loans. Specie. Circulation. Deposits. Banks. .$ 19,356,800 $408,700 $1,889,600 $3,054,600 $1,099,800 19,238,700 402,900 1,890,300 2,899,200 1,071,500 19,160,600 394,700 1,756,500 2,899,600 959,400 Feb. 1,.... 19,160,600 394,700 1,811,100 2,950,500 871,800 8,.... 19,087,700 395,900 1,814,300 15,. .. 19,109,400 394,800 1,784,000 86 22,. 18,869,800 396,800 Mar. 1,.... 18,920,500 407,500 66 8,.... 18,953,900 405,100 15,.... 18,998,600 408,500 19,148,400 408,300 " 29,. 19,360,500 411,300 Apr. 5,.... 19,641,000 417,500

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19,.... 19,644,500 408,600 1,953,400 3,015,900

19,719,200 416,600 2,036,300 3,017,700 1,081,000 894,800

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Jan. 1, £20,818,190 £7,345,833 £15,036,062 £30,419,730 £15,961,439 3 pr. ct.

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5,467,340 15,366,081 29,464,720 29, 21,183,376 5,753,063 14,751,486 Feb. 5, 21,427,554 5,788,441 14,179,917 66 12, 21,236,312 4,884,989 15,526,334 66 19, 20,772,726 5,397,144 15,085,843

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26, 20,736,715 5,762,849 14,939,742 29,024,962 Mar. 5, 21,217,246 6,755,287 13,737,507 29,692,441

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THE SAVINGS BANKS OF NEW-YORK.

The official returns made to the legislature, by H. H. VAN DYCK, Esq., Superintendent of the Banking Department, has just been issued, from which we compile the following tables:

COMPARATIVE VIEW OF THE SAVINGS BANKS OF THE CITY AND STATE OF NEW-YORK, ON THE 1ST JANUARY, 1861-1862.*

NEW-YORK CITY.

Atlantic Savings Bank,..

Bank for Savings,..

Bloomingdale Savings Bank,...

Bowery Savings Bank,.

Amount deposits, Amount deposits,

Jun., 1861.

$ 80,374

Jan., 1862.

No. depositors, Jan., 1862.

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Broadway Savings Bank,.

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Citizens' Savings Bank,..

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Dry Dock Savings Bank,..

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East River Savings Bank,..

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Total State of New-York,.... $67,450,397 $64,083,119 300,511

It will be seen, on comparing the above returns, that during the year 1861 the deposits in New-York and Brooklyn

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For statement of Savings Banks, years 1857-1861, see MERCHANTS' MAGAZINE, Volume xlvi. p. 33.

The table given below shows a large annual increase in the amount of deposits since 1858 until the last year, but the exhibit is more favorable than we could have anticipated, in view of the prostration of business during the first six months of 1861, and the amounts withdrawn to assist the earlier volunteers:

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One peculiarity of the returns is, that the average amount due each depositor in the Seamen's Savings Bank is over $318, which exceeds that of any other; the average sum due each depositor in the two cities being $213, and in the interior towns and cities, $212. The disproportion of deposits in this city compared with the country towns shows the greater concentration and accumulation of labor and capital in the former, viz. :

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These results present curious matter for consideration on the part of political economists. It is correctly observed, we think demonstrably shown in a recent report, "that the ability of a people to pay taxes is in ratio to the density of their number." As an instance: New-York city, with its population of 813,000, can bear a burden of taxation equal to that of the whole State. We pay ten millions of taxes annually in this city, which is probably double what is paid by the five millions of whites in the seceded States.

COMPARATIVE CONDITION OF SAVINGS BANKS, 1ST JAN., 1861-1862.

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